Faculty of Food, Nutrition and Home Sciences, National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
J Food Biochem. 2021 Dec;45(12):e13967. doi: 10.1111/jfbc.13967. Epub 2021 Oct 30.
Neurological disorders are increasing at a faster pace due to oxidative stress, protein aggregation, excitotoxicity, and neuroinflammation. It is reported that the Mediterranean diet including olives as a major dietary component prevents and ameliorates neurological anomalies. Oleuropein is the major bioactive component in different parts of the Olive (Olea europaea L.) tree. Several mechanisms have been reported for the neuroprotective role of oleuropein including induction of apoptosis and autophagy, enhancing the antioxidant pool of the cerebral region, decreasing the unnecessary release of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines by deactivating the microglia cells and astrocytes thus preventing the occurrence of neuroinflammation. Regular intake of oleuropein seems to be correlated with decreased risks of neural disorders including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, strokes, depression, anxiety, epilepsy, and others. This review majorly discusses the chemistry, biosynthesis, and metabolism of oleuropein along with an updated vision of its neuroprotective role in counteracting the acute and chronic neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Moreover, mechanisms by which oleuropein may prevent neurodegeneration are reviewed. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Neurological disorders are negatively affecting the health and life quality of individuals around the globe. Although various medicinal solutions are available to tackle such ailments, none has proven to fully cure and being deprived of side effects. In this respect, the prevention of such disorders using natural remedies may be an effective strategy to overcome the incidence of the increasing cases. Furthermore, the natural compounds provide a safer alternative to pharmaceutical drugs. Hence, oleuropein from olive tree products is found to be efficacious against neurological disorders. This review provides an updated insight on the positive effects of oleuropein against neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. The diet practitioners and nutraceutical companies may benefit from the provided information to design and develop strategies to improve the mental health of suffering individuals.
神经紊乱由于氧化应激、蛋白质聚集、兴奋毒性和神经炎症而以更快的速度增加。据报道，包括橄榄作为主要饮食成分的地中海饮食可预防和改善神经异常。橄榄苦苷是橄榄（Olea europaea L.）树不同部位的主要生物活性成分。已报道橄榄苦苷具有神经保护作用的几种机制，包括诱导细胞凋亡和自噬、增强大脑区域的抗氧化剂库、通过使小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞失活来减少促炎细胞因子和趋化因子的不必要释放，从而防止神经炎症的发生。定期摄入橄榄苦苷似乎与降低包括阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、中风、抑郁、焦虑、癫痫在内的神经紊乱风险相关。本文主要讨论了橄榄苦苷的化学、生物合成和代谢，以及其在对抗急性和慢性神经退行性和神经精神疾病中的神经保护作用的最新研究进展。此外，还综述了橄榄苦苷预防神经退行性变的机制。
神经紊乱正在全球范围内对个人的健康和生活质量产生负面影响。尽管有各种药物治疗方案可用于治疗此类疾病，但没有一种被证明能够完全治愈且没有副作用。在这方面，使用天然疗法预防此类疾病可能是克服发病率不断上升的有效策略。此外，天然化合物为药物提供了更安全的替代品。因此，橄榄树产品中的橄榄苦苷被发现对神经紊乱有效。本文提供了橄榄苦苷对神经退行性和神经精神疾病的积极作用的最新见解。饮食从业者和营养保健品公司可以从提供的信息中受益，以制定和开发策略来改善受影响个体的心理健康。
