Division of Laryngology, Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 601 North Caroline Street, 6th Floor, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Division of Laryngology, Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 601 North Caroline Street, 6th Floor, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2021 Dec;50(4):871-884. doi: 10.1016/j.gtc.2021.08.002. Epub 2021 Oct 6.
Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is frustrating, as symptoms are nonspecific and diagnosis is often unclear. Two main approaches to diagnosis are empiric treatment trials and objective reflux testing. Initial empiric trial of Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) twice daily for 2-3 months is convenient, but risks overtreatment and delayed diagnosis if patient complaints are not from LPR. Dietary modifications, H2-antagonists, alginates, and fundoplication are other possible LPR treatments. If objective diagnosis is desired or patients' symptoms are refractory to empiric treatment, pH testing with/without impedance should be considered. Additionally, evaluation for non-reflux etiologies of complaints should be performed, including laryngoscopy or videostroboscopy.
喉咽反流(LPR)令人沮丧,因为其症状不具特异性,且诊断往往不明确。诊断的两种主要方法是经验性治疗试验和客观反流测试。最初的质子泵抑制剂(PPI)经验性治疗试验,每日两次,持续 2-3 个月,既方便又快捷,但如果患者的症状不是由 LPR 引起,那么就有过度治疗和延迟诊断的风险。饮食调整、H2 拮抗剂、藻酸盐和胃底折叠术也是其他可能的 LPR 治疗方法。如果需要进行客观诊断,或者患者的症状对经验性治疗无反应,可以考虑进行 pH 测试(有/无阻抗)。此外,还应评估非反流性病因引起的症状,包括喉镜或频闪喉镜检查。