Agricultural Economic Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Forestry and Forest Economy, Natural Environment of Mazandaran Department of Environment, Mazandaran, Iran.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Mar;29(13):19553-19562. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-17147-5. Epub 2021 Oct 31.
Biodiversity refers to genetic diversity and complex sets of communities and ecosystems. Environmental degradation can jeopardize biodiversity and decrease ecosystem service quality. Biodiversity is not an endless and free commodity, and the costs of its destruction must be taken into account. Thus, estimating the monetary value of a region's biodiversity can help stakeholders understand its economic, social, and cultural status, and ultimately, by increasing public awareness, community demands for protection and investment are properly shaped. This study aims to estimate the monetary value of biodiversity in the Central Alborz Protected Area in Iran. This area is part of the Alborz Mountain range and the wildlife and plant species of this region have a unique biodiversity. For this purpose, the willingness to pay was estimated. In designing the Choice Experiment, five attributes including "wildlife species status," "plant species status," "natural landscape," "research facilities," and "tourism facilities" have been considered. The results showed that maintaining and improving the status of animal species and tourism conditions among respondents has a higher priority than the other three attributes. The annual value of marginal willingness to pay was 13020 Tomans per person and the conservation value of biodiversity is estimated at 23 billion Tomans. Also, the results of the simple Logit model showed that the average per capita willingness to pay the respondents to protect the region is 16,369 Tomans and the value of biodiversity protection is about 28.6 billion Tomans.
生物多样性是指遗传多样性和复杂的群落和生态系统。环境退化会危及生物多样性，降低生态系统服务质量。生物多样性不是一种取之不尽、用之不竭的商品，其破坏的代价必须考虑在内。因此，估计一个地区生物多样性的货币价值可以帮助利益相关者了解其经济、社会和文化状况，最终通过提高公众意识，正确引导社区对保护和投资的需求。本研究旨在估计伊朗中央阿尔博兹保护区的生物多样性货币价值。该地区是阿尔博兹山脉的一部分，该地区的野生动植物物种具有独特的生物多样性。为此，我们估计了支付意愿。在设计选择实验时，考虑了五个属性，包括“野生动物物种状况”、“植物物种状况”、“自然景观”、“研究设施”和“旅游设施”。结果表明，在受访者中，维护和改善动物物种状况和旅游条件比其他三个属性更为优先。边际支付意愿的年价值为每人 13020 托曼，生物多样性的保护价值估计为 230 亿托曼。此外，简单 Logit 模型的结果表明，受访者保护该地区的平均人均支付意愿为 16369 托曼，生物多样性保护的价值约为 286 亿托曼。
