Shi Ping, Li Anan, Yu Hongliu
Institute of Rehabilitation Engineering and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Assistive Devices, Shanghai, China.
Front Neurosci. 2021 Oct 13;15:685920. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.685920. eCollection 2021.
At present, the effects of upper limb movement are generally evaluated from the level of motor performance. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the response of the cerebral cortex to different upper limb movement patterns from the perspective of neurophysiology. Thirty healthy adults (12 females, 18 males, mean age 23.9 ± 0.9 years) took resistance and non-resistance exercises under four trajectories (T1: left and right straight-line movement; T2: front and back straight-line movement; T3: clockwise and anticlockwise drawing circle movement; and T4: clockwise and anticlockwise character ⁕ movement). Each movement included a set of periodic motions composed of a 30-s task and a 30-s rest. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to measure cerebral blood flow dynamics. Primary somatosensory cortex (S1), supplementary motor area (SMA), pre-motor area (PMA), primary motor cortex (M1), and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) were chosen as regions of interests (ROIs). Activation maps and symmetric heat maps were applied to assess the response of the cerebral cortex to different motion patterns. The activation of the brain cortex was significantly increased during resistance movement for each participant. Specifically, S1, SMA, PMA, and M1 had higher participation during both non-resistance movement and resistance movement. Compared to non-resistance movement, the resistance movement caused an obvious response in the cerebral cortex. The task state and the resting state were distinguished more obviously in the resistance movement. Four trajectories can be distinguished under non-resistance movement. This study confirmed that the response of the cerebral motor cortex to different motion patterns was different from that of the neurophysiological level. It may provide a reference for the evaluation of resistance training effects in the future.
目前，上肢运动的效果通常从运动表现水平进行评估。本研究的目的是从神经生理学角度评估大脑皮层对不同上肢运动模式的反应。30名健康成年人（12名女性，18名男性，平均年龄23.9±0.9岁）在四种轨迹下进行了抗阻和非抗阻运动（T1：左右直线运动；T2：前后直线运动；T3：顺时针和逆时针画圈运动；T4：顺时针和逆时针字符⁕运动）。每次运动包括一组由30秒任务和30秒休息组成的周期性动作。使用功能近红外光谱（fNIRS）测量脑血流动力学。选择初级体感皮层（S1）、辅助运动区（SMA）、运动前区（PMA）、初级运动皮层（M1）和背外侧前额叶皮层（DLPFC）作为感兴趣区域（ROIs）。应用激活图和对称热图评估大脑皮层对不同运动模式的反应。每位参与者在抗阻运动期间大脑皮层的激活显著增加。具体而言，S1、SMA、PMA和M1在非抗阻运动和抗阻运动期间的参与度都较高。与非抗阻运动相比，抗阻运动在大脑皮层引起了明显的反应。在抗阻运动中，任务状态和休息状态的区分更明显。在非抗阻运动下可以区分出四种轨迹。本研究证实，大脑运动皮层对不同运动模式的反应在神经生理学水平上存在差异。它可能为未来评估抗阻训练效果提供参考。
