Clavijo María Manuela, Vicente Reparaz María de Los Angeles, Ruiz Juan I, Acuña María Angeles, Casali Claudia E, Aizpurua María Florencia, Mahuad Carolina V, Eciolaza Sebastian, Ventura Adriana, Garate Gonzalo M
Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Aleman, Buenos Aires, ARG.
Internal Medicine, Hospital Aleman, Buenos Aires, ARG.
Cureus. 2021 Sep 24;13(9):e18236. doi: 10.7759/cureus.18236. eCollection 2021 Sep.
Introduction From the beginning of the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there is cumulative evidence suggesting that patients hospitalized due to this disease are at a high risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE). The association between mild non-hospitalized illness and VTE is unclear. The purpose of this research is to assess the association between VTE and mild COVID-19 infection. Methods A case-control study was conducted. The cases were adult patients diagnosed with VTE from March 1, 2020 to March 31, 2021. The controls were randomly chosen adult patients who required healthcare services that were equivalent to those of the cases, for any cause, during the same time period, without a VTE diagnosis. To assess the association between mild COVID and VTE, a multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted, considering other thromboembolic risk variables, such as age, gender and active cancer, among others. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 186 cases and 475 controls were analyzed. There were 21 (11.3%) and 31 (6.5%) patients infected with mild COVID-19 in the previous three months in the groups of cases and controls, respectively. Mild COVID-19 infection was statistically significant as a risk factor for VTE both in the univariate analysis and in the multivariate analysis, OR=1.82 (95% CI 1.02-3.26) and OR=2.62 (95% CI 1.34-5.13), respectively. Conclusion Mild COVID-19 infection might be an independent risk factor for VTE. We conclude that the results suggest some thromboprophylaxis strategy should be considered in certain patients with COVID-19 infection in an outpatient fashion.
引言 自2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行开始以来，越来越多的证据表明，因该疾病住院的患者发生静脉血栓栓塞症（VTE）的风险很高。轻度非住院疾病与VTE之间的关联尚不清楚。本研究的目的是评估VTE与轻度COVID-19感染之间的关联。
方法 进行了一项病例对照研究。病例为2020年3月1日至2021年3月31日期间被诊断为VTE的成年患者。对照是在同一时期因任何原因需要与病例相同医疗服务且未被诊断为VTE的随机选择的成年患者。为了评估轻度COVID与VTE之间的关联，进行了多因素逻辑回归分析，同时考虑了其他血栓栓塞风险变量，如年龄、性别和活动性癌症等。p值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
结果 共分析了186例病例和475例对照。病例组和对照组中，在前三个月感染轻度COVID-19的患者分别有21例（11.3%）和31例（6.5%）。在单因素分析和多因素分析中，轻度COVID-19感染均作为VTE的危险因素具有统计学意义，OR分别为1.82（95%CI 1.02-3.26）和2.62（95%CI 1.34-5.13）。
结论 轻度COVID-19感染可能是VTE的独立危险因素。我们得出结论，结果表明对于某些COVID-19感染的门诊患者应考虑采取一些血栓预防策略。
