Mason Kelly, Hasan Sana, Darukhanavala Amy, Kutney Katherine
University of Virginia, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, PO Box 800386, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Cleveland Clinic, Endocrinology and Metabolism Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
J Clin Transl Endocrinol. 2021 Dec;26:100268. doi: 10.1016/j.jcte.2021.100268. Epub 2021 Oct 25.
The novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19) has become a global health crisis since its initial outbreak in Wuhan, China in December 2019. On January 30, 2020, the WHO recognized the COVID-19 outbreak as a Public Health Emergency, and on March 11, 2020, it was declared a pandemic. Although all age groups have been affected, patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and patients with type 1 or type 2 diabeteshave been categorized as highly vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Thus far, studies have found that the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 in the CF population is lower than the general population. We review the underlying protective mechanisms which may reduce inflammation and lung damage in CF patients, thus decreasing their risk of severe COVID-19. While the effect of SARS-CoV-2 in those with related to CF is unknown, other forms of diabetes have been associated with more severe disease. To further understand the potential impact of SARS-CoV-2 in cystic fibrosis-related diabetes, we provide a comprehensive overview of the potential factors contributing to COVID-19 severity in other forms of diabetes, including direct viral effect on the pancreas and indirect effects related to hyperglycemia and immune dysregulation.
自2019年12月新型严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）在中国武汉首次爆发以来，已演变成一场全球健康危机。2020年1月30日，世界卫生组织（WHO）将COVID-19疫情认定为突发公共卫生事件，并于2020年3月11日宣布其为大流行病。尽管所有年龄组均受到影响，但囊性纤维化（CF）患者以及1型或2型糖尿病患者被归类为极易感染SARS-CoV-2。迄今为止，研究发现CF人群中SARS-CoV-2的发病率低于普通人群。我们回顾了可能减轻CF患者炎症和肺损伤、从而降低其发生严重COVID-19风险的潜在保护机制。虽然SARS-CoV-2对CF相关患者的影响尚不清楚，但其他类型的糖尿病与更严重的疾病有关。为进一步了解SARS-CoV-2对囊性纤维化相关糖尿病的潜在影响，我们全面概述了导致其他类型糖尿病患者发生严重COVID-19的潜在因素，包括病毒对胰腺的直接作用以及与高血糖和免疫失调相关的间接作用。
