Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA.
Am J Clin Hypn. 2021 Oct;64(2):139-156. doi: 10.1080/00029157.2021.1935686. Epub 2021 Nov 1.
Our consciousness and our practice of hypnosis co-evolve. From earliest civilizations to the present, we can think of the source of our abilities and knowledge, along with our self-awareness, as progressing from external and imperative to internal and autonomous. This perspective aligns with Jaynes' thesis on the origin of consciousness and its trajectory from a bicameral mind, to increasing self-efficacy, and on toward higher consciousness. With the ongoing emergence of our subjective and narrative consciousness comes shifting and multiplying resources for rational, shared, compassionate, and creative self-determination. However, the formal practice of therapeutic hypnosis - especially within reductive and diagnosis-based biomedical and psychological models - has lagged behind the evolution of consciousness. Most of the history of hypnosis has adhered to the bicameral paradigm. We have reserved a place for the authority of an externalized, revered entity whom we credit nonconsciously with our innate and extraordinary abilities. The creative applications of hypnosis by Erickson and the expansion of that work by Rossi signaled a fundamental emergence from that paradigm that encourages self-authorization and moves hypnosis practice toward a more evocative, systematic, and numinous horizon.
我们的意识和催眠实践共同进化。从最早的文明到现在,我们可以认为我们的能力和知识的来源,以及我们的自我意识,是从外部和强制性的到内部和自主性的。这一观点与杰恩斯关于意识起源及其从双系统思维到自我效能不断增加,再到更高意识的轨迹的论点相一致。随着我们主观和叙述意识的不断出现,为理性、共同、同情和创造性的自主决策带来了不断变化和增加的资源。然而,治疗性催眠的正式实践——尤其是在基于还原和诊断的生物医学和心理学模型中——落后于意识的进化。催眠的大部分历史都遵循双系统范式。我们为一个外在的、受尊敬的实体保留了一个位置,我们无意识地将我们天生的非凡能力归功于这个实体。埃里克森对催眠的创造性应用以及罗西对该工作的扩展标志着从那个范式的根本性出现,鼓励自我授权,并将催眠实践推向一个更具唤起性、系统性和神秘性的视野。