Huang Sheng, Yamaji Naoki, Feng Ma Jian
Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo 2-20-1, Kurashiki, Japan.
J Exp Bot. 2022 Mar 15;73(6):1800-1808. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erab478.
Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient for both plants and animals, while its deficiency in crops and humans is a global problem that affects both crop productivity and human health. Since plants and humans differ in their Zn requirements, it is crucial to balance plant nutrition and human nutrition for Zn. In this review, we focus on the transport system of Zn from soil to grain in rice (Oryza sativa), which is a major dietary source of Zn for people subsiding on rice-based diets. We describe transporters belonging to the different families that are involved in the uptake, vacuolar sequestration, root-to-shoot translocation, and distribution of Zn, and discuss their mechanisms of regulation. We give examples for enhancing Zn accumulation and bioavailability in rice grains through the manipulation of genes that are highly expressed in the nodes, where Zn is deposited at high concentrations. Finally, we provide our perspectives on breeding rice cultivars with both increased tolerance to Zn-deficiency stress and high Zn density in the grains.
锌（Zn）是植物和动物必需的微量营养素，而作物和人类缺锌是一个影响作物生产力和人类健康的全球性问题。由于植物和人类对锌的需求不同，平衡植物营养和人类对锌的营养至关重要。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注锌在水稻（Oryza sativa）中从土壤到籽粒的转运系统，水稻是依赖大米为主食的人们锌的主要膳食来源。我们描述了参与锌吸收、液泡隔离、根到地上部转运以及锌分布的不同家族的转运蛋白，并讨论了它们的调控机制。我们举例说明了通过操纵在节中高表达的基因来提高水稻籽粒中锌的积累和生物有效性，节中锌的浓度很高。最后，我们就培育对缺锌胁迫耐受性增强且籽粒锌含量高的水稻品种提出了我们的观点。
