Li Chenghai, Zhao Hua, Cheng Linna, Wang Bin
Stem Cell Program of Clinical Research Center, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, China.
Institute of Reproductive Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, China.
Cell Biosci. 2021 Nov 2;11(1):187. doi: 10.1186/s13578-021-00698-y.
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC)-based therapeutics is already available for treatment of a range of diseases or medical conditions. Autologous or allogeneic MSCs obtained from self or donors have their own advantages and disadvantages in their medical practice. Therapeutic benefits of using autologous vs. allogeneic MSCs are inconclusive. Transplanted MSCs within the body interact with their physical microenvironment or niche, physiologically or pathologically, and such cells in a newly established tissue microenvironment may be impacted by the pathological harmful environmental factors to alter their unique biological behaviors. Meanwhile, a temporary microenvironment/niche may be also altered by the resident or niche-surrounding MSCs. Therefore, the functional plasticity and heterogeneity of MSCs caused by different donors and subpopulations of MSCs may result in potential uncertainty in their safe and efficacious medical practice. Acknowledging a connection between MSCs' biology and their existing microenvironment, donor-controlled clinical practice for the long-term therapeutic benefit is suggested to further consider minimizing MSCs potential harm for MSC-based individual therapies. In this review, we summarize the advantages and disadvantages of autologous vs. allogeneic MSCs in their therapeutic applications. Among other issues, we highlight the importance of better understanding of the various microenvironments that may affect the properties of niche-surrounding MSCs and discuss the clinical applications of MSCs within different contexts for treatment of different diseases including cardiomyopathy, lupus and lupus nephritis, diabetes and diabetic complications, bone and cartilage repair, cancer and tissue fibrosis.
基于间充质干/基质细胞（MSC）的疗法已可用于治疗一系列疾病或医疗状况。从自身或供体获得的自体或异体MSC在医学实践中有其自身的优缺点。使用自体与异体MSC的治疗益处尚无定论。体内移植的MSC在生理或病理上与其物理微环境或生态位相互作用，并且新建立的组织微环境中的此类细胞可能会受到病理性有害环境因素的影响，从而改变其独特的生物学行为。同时，常驻或生态位周围的MSC也可能改变临时微环境/生态位。因此，由不同供体和MSC亚群引起的MSC功能可塑性和异质性可能导致其安全有效的医学实践存在潜在的不确定性。认识到MSC生物学与其现有微环境之间的联系，建议进行供体控制的临床实践以获得长期治疗益处，进一步考虑将基于MSC的个体疗法中MSC的潜在危害降至最低。在本综述中，我们总结了自体与异体MSC在治疗应用中的优缺点。在其他问题中，我们强调了更好地理解可能影响生态位周围MSC特性的各种微环境的重要性，并讨论了MSC在不同背景下治疗不同疾病（包括心肌病、狼疮和狼疮性肾炎、糖尿病和糖尿病并发症、骨和软骨修复、癌症和组织纤维化）的临床应用。
