First Department of Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases and Chemotherapy Research Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Aghia Sophia' Children's Hospital, 11527Athens, Greece.
Epidemiol Infect. 2021 Nov 4;149:e237. doi: 10.1017/S0950268821002430.
The SARS-CoV-2 virus is rapidly evolving via mutagenesis, lengthening the pandemic, and threatening the public health. Until August 2021, 12 variants of SARS-CoV-2 named as variants of concern (VOC; Alpha to Delta) or variants of interest (VOI; Epsilon to Mu), with significant impact on transmissibility, morbidity, possible reinfection and mortality, have been identified. The VOC Delta (B.1.617.2) of Indian origin is now the dominant and the most contagious variant worldwide as it provokes a strong binding to the human ACE2 receptor, increases transmissibility and manifests considerable immune escape strategies after natural infection or vaccination. Although the development and administration of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, based on different technologies (mRNA, adenovirus carrier, recombinant protein, etc.), are very promising for the control of the pandemic, their effectiveness and neutralizing activity against VOCs varies significantly. In this review, we describe the most significant circulating variants of SARS-CoV-2, and the known effectiveness of currently available vaccines against them.
新冠病毒（SARS-CoV-2）通过突变迅速进化，延长了大流行时间，并威胁着公众健康。截至 2021 年 8 月，已发现 12 种被命名为关注变体（VOC；Alpha 到 Delta）或感兴趣变体（VOI；Epsilon 到 Mu）的 SARS-CoV-2 变体，它们对传染性、发病率、可能的再感染和死亡率有重大影响。起源于印度的 VOC Delta（B.1.617.2）目前是全球主要且最具传染性的变体，因为它与人类 ACE2 受体强烈结合，增加了传染性，并在自然感染或接种疫苗后表现出相当多的免疫逃逸策略。尽管基于不同技术（mRNA、腺病毒载体、重组蛋白等）的 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗的开发和管理对于控制大流行非常有前景，但它们对 VOC 的有效性和中和活性有很大差异。在这篇综述中，我们描述了目前循环的最重要的 SARS-CoV-2 变体，以及目前可用疫苗对它们的已知有效性。
