观察者之眼：医学生对外科医生和外科学领域的看法。
Eyes of the Beholders: First-year medical students' perceptions of surgeons and the field of surgery.
机构信息
Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Dept of Surgery, 15 Parkman St, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
出版信息
Am J Surg. 2022 Jun;223(6):1026-1032. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2021.10.019. Epub 2021 Oct 27.
BACKGROUND
Medical students have negative perceptions of surgery prior to their clerkships. To explore possible explanations, we examined the association between these perceptions, individual identity and vulnerability to stereotype threat (ST).
METHODS
All first-year medical students at a single school received an electronic survey which assessed identity groups, vulnerability to ST and perceptions of surgeons/surgery. Multi-method analyses examined these associations.
RESULTS
Women held more negative than positive views about the field of surgery (p = 0.007) but not surgeons. Students vulnerable to ST had negative views about both surgeons (p < 0.0001) and surgery (p = 0.007). They were also less interested in pursuing a surgical career compared to non-vulnerable students (56% vs. 80% p = 0.03).
CONCLUSION
For some students, negative views of surgeons and surgery appear to be associated with individual identity and ST. Future research should aim to confirm these findings and identify strategies to develop positive perceptions for these populations.
背景
医学生在实习前对外科手术持有负面看法。为了探究可能的原因，我们研究了这些看法与个体身份认同和易受刻板印象威胁（ST）的影响之间的关系。
方法
一所医学院的所有一年级医学生都收到了一份电子调查，该调查评估了身份认同群体、易受 ST 影响的程度以及对外科医生/手术的看法。多方法分析研究了这些关联。
结果
女性对外科领域的看法比男性更负面（p=0.007），但对外科医生的看法并非如此。易受 ST 影响的学生对外科医生（p<0.0001）和手术（p=0.007）都持有负面看法。与不易受 ST 影响的学生相比，他们对从事外科职业的兴趣也较低（56%对 80%，p=0.03）。
结论
对于一些学生来说，对外科医生和手术的负面看法似乎与个体身份认同和 ST 有关。未来的研究应旨在证实这些发现，并确定针对这些人群培养积极看法的策略。
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