Swain Srikant Kumar, Arora Rajnish Kumar, Mittal Radhe Shyam
Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.
Ann Neurosci. 2021 Jan;28(1-2):79-81. doi: 10.1177/0972753120966495. Epub 2021 Apr 9.
The cranio-cerebral trauma following gunshot injuries has high mortality and morbidity, with 66% to 90% victims dying before reaching hospital and only half of those treated in hospital surviving. However, in case of most salvageable patients, the question which poses dilemma to treating physicians is the decision as to when and why remove the retained missile. A 21-year-old man was observing a gunfight in the street from his balcony. Suddenly something struck his forehead and there was a small amount of bleeding toward the medial end of his left eyebrow. He had moderate headache and dizziness. Because of nonresolution of headache over seven days he was hospitalized and underwent X ray of the skull and CT of the head, which showed a retained metallic bullet in left inferior parieto-occipital region without any significant hemorrhage. As there was no neurological deficit or meningeal signs, he was managed conservatively. His symptoms improved gradually within next week and he was discharged home. His most recent follow-up was 28 months since injury and imaging showed migration of the bullet to the right inferior temporal region. As he was completely asymptomatic throughout, no intervention was offered. However, long-term follow-up for potential complications of migration, hydrocephalus, and abscess formation is advisable.
枪伤后的颅脑创伤具有很高的死亡率和发病率,66%至90%的受害者在到达医院前死亡,而在医院接受治疗的患者中只有一半存活。然而,对于大多数可挽救的患者来说,给治疗医生带来两难困境的问题是决定何时以及为何取出残留的子弹。一名21岁男子在自家阳台上观看街头枪战。突然有东西击中他的前额,左眉内侧端有少量出血。他有中度头痛和头晕。由于头痛七天未缓解,他住院并接受了颅骨X线和头部CT检查,结果显示左顶枕叶下部区域有一枚残留的金属子弹,没有明显出血。由于没有神经功能缺损或脑膜刺激征,对他进行了保守治疗。在接下来的一周内他的症状逐渐改善并出院回家。自受伤以来他最近的随访时间为28个月,影像学检查显示子弹移至右颞叶下部区域。由于他一直完全无症状,未采取任何干预措施。然而,建议对移位、脑积水和脓肿形成等潜在并发症进行长期随访。