Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago (Kumar, Cooper); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Dell Medical School in Austin, and Mulva Clinic for the Neurosciences, UT Health Austin (Nemeroff); Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Widge); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif. (Rodriguez); Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, R.I. (Carpenter); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (McDonald).
Am J Psychiatry. 2021 Nov;178(11):1014-1025. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2021.19080873.
Alzheimer's disease is a neuropsychiatric disorder with devastating clinical and socioeconomic consequences. Since the original description of the neuropathological correlates of the disorder, neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles have been presumed to be critical to the underlying pathophysiology of the illness. The authors review the clinical and neuropathological origins of Alzheimer's disease and trace the evolution of modern biomarkers from their historical roots. They describe how technological innovations such as neuroimaging and biochemical assays have been used to measure and quantify key proteins and lipids in the brain, cerebrospinal fluid, and blood and advance their role as biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease. Together with genomics, these approaches have led to the development of a thematic and focused science in the area of degenerative disorders. The authors conclude by drawing distinctions between legitimate biomarkers of disease and molecular targets for therapeutic intervention and discuss future approaches to this complex neurobehavioral illness.
阿尔茨海默病是一种神经精神疾病，具有破坏性的临床和社会经济后果。自该疾病的神经病理学相关性的原始描述以来，神经原纤维缠结和神经纤维缠结被认为是疾病潜在病理生理学的关键。作者回顾了阿尔茨海默病的临床和神经病理学起源，并追溯了现代生物标志物从其历史根源的演变。他们描述了神经影像学和生化分析等技术创新如何用于测量和量化大脑、脑脊液和血液中的关键蛋白质和脂质，并将其作为阿尔茨海默病的生物标志物。与基因组学一起，这些方法导致了退行性疾病领域的主题和重点科学的发展。作者最后通过区分疾病的合法生物标志物和治疗干预的分子靶点，并讨论了这种复杂的神经行为疾病的未来方法。
