Shi Qi, Chen Zhuo, Wei Fanqin, Mao Yu, Xu Qi, Li Kuixiao, Lu Yun, Hu Hong-Ying
Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China.
J Hazard Mater. 2022 Feb 15;424(Pt C):127567. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127567. Epub 2021 Oct 22.
The complex contaminants in reclaimed water sources and delayed feedback of microbial detection have brought tremendous challenges to disinfection process control. The identification of sensitive and online surrogates for indicating microbial inactivation efficacy is vital to evaluate and optimize the disinfection technologies and processes. This study analyzes the inactivation of microbial indicators during ozone disinfection at a pilot-scale study over 5 months. It is identified that total fluorescence (TF) intensity, ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (UV) and intracellular adenosine triphosphate (cATP) concentration can act as surrogates in predicting microbial inactivation by ozone. Particularly, the empirical linear correlations for log removal values (LRV) of TF, UV and cATP concentration are developed for the inactivation of four widely applied microbial indicators, namely the total coliforms, fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and heterotrophic plate count (HPC) (R = 0.86-0.96). Validation analyses are further conducted to verify the robustness and effectiveness of empirical models. Notably, TF is considered as the most efficient surrogate due to its high sensitivity, accuracy and reliability, whereas cATP concentration is an efficient supplement to directly reflect total microbial counts. The study is important to provide a rapid and reliable approach for ozone disinfection efficiency evaluation and prediction.
再生水源中的复杂污染物以及微生物检测的延迟反馈给消毒过程控制带来了巨大挑战。识别用于指示微生物灭活效果的灵敏且在线的替代指标对于评估和优化消毒技术及过程至关重要。本研究在一项为期5个月的中试规模研究中分析了臭氧消毒过程中微生物指标的灭活情况。研究发现，总荧光（TF）强度、254 nm处的紫外线吸光度（UV）和细胞内三磷酸腺苷（cATP）浓度可作为预测臭氧对微生物灭活效果的替代指标。特别是，针对四种广泛应用的微生物指标，即总大肠菌群、粪大肠菌群、大肠杆菌（E. coli）和异养平板计数（HPC）的灭活，建立了TF、UV和cATP浓度的对数去除值（LRV）的经验线性相关性（R = 0.86 - 0.96）。进一步进行了验证分析以验证经验模型的稳健性和有效性。值得注意的是，由于TF具有高灵敏度、准确性和可靠性，因此被认为是最有效的替代指标，而cATP浓度是直接反映总微生物数量的有效补充。该研究对于提供一种快速且可靠的臭氧消毒效率评估和预测方法具有重要意义。
