J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2022;37(6):E197-E205. doi: 10.1097/JCN.0000000000000866. Epub 2021 Nov 2.
Individuals with a greater perceived risk of heart attack or type 2 diabetes tend to adopt recommended lifestyle changes to minimize their risks. Despite the rapidly growing Hispanic population in the United States, data regarding their perceived risks are lacking.
This study aimed to examine the perceived risk of suffering a heart attack and/or developing type 2 diabetes and to explore the factors associated with these risk perceptions in Hispanic adults with overweight/obesity.
We analyzed 69 Hispanic adults with overweight/obesity who participated in the screening/baseline visit for the Adelgaza study, a weight loss and diabetes prevention trial, using descriptive statistics and logistic regressions. Heart attack or type 2 diabetes risk perception was assessed using a single-item questionnaire.
The mean (SD) values for age and body mass index (BMI) were 43.8 (11.2) years and 31.7 (4.5) kg/m 2 , respectively. Of all participants, 46.4% perceived a low risk for heart attack and 29.0% perceived a low risk for developing type 2 diabetes in their lifetime, whereas only 11.6% reported both risk perceptions. Older age, lower BMI, and longer walking duration (minutes) per day were significantly associated with a lower perceived risk of heart attack ( P < .05). Having no family history of heart attack, lower BMI, and lower fat intake were significant predictors of a lower diabetes-risk perception ( P < .05).
Hispanic adults with overweight/obesity seem to underestimate their risks of heart attack and type 2 diabetes.
个体对心脏病发作或 2 型糖尿病的风险感知较高，往往会采取推荐的生活方式改变来降低风险。尽管美国的西班牙裔人口增长迅速，但有关他们风险感知的数据却很缺乏。
本研究旨在调查超重/肥胖的西班牙裔成年人对心脏病发作和/或 2 型糖尿病风险的感知，并探讨与这些风险感知相关的因素。
我们分析了参加 Adelgaza 研究（一项减肥和糖尿病预防试验）筛查/基线访视的 69 名超重/肥胖的西班牙裔成年人，使用描述性统计和逻辑回归分析。使用单一项问卷评估心脏病发作或 2 型糖尿病风险感知。
所有参与者的平均（标准差）年龄和体重指数（BMI）分别为 43.8（11.2）岁和 31.7（4.5）kg/m 2 。在所有参与者中，46.4%认为自己一生中患心脏病的风险较低，29.0%认为自己患 2 型糖尿病的风险较低，而只有 11.6%报告了这两种风险感知。年龄较大、BMI 较低和每天步行时间（分钟）较长与心脏病发作风险感知较低显著相关（P <.05）。没有心脏病发作家族史、较低的 BMI 和较低的脂肪摄入量是糖尿病风险感知较低的显著预测因素（P <.05）。
超重/肥胖的西班牙裔成年人似乎低估了他们患心脏病和 2 型糖尿病的风险。
