Department of Botany, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan.
Department of Botany, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan.
Chemosphere. 2022 Mar;291(Pt 3):132762. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132762. Epub 2021 Nov 2.
Bio-organic fertilizers (BIOs), prepared from inoculating plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) into agro-industrial wastes, are gaining more attention due to their tremendous positive effects on soil health. This study was conducted to prepare and evaluate the effect of bio-organic fertilizers on maize. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria were isolated from rhizospheric soil of farmer's field near Islamabad, Pakistan and were screened for plant growth promotion characters and one strain Burkholderia cenocepacia was selected based on PGPR's characteristics. In-vitro characterization, the whole genome sequence analysis, RAST and antiSMASH analysis were performed. The number of coding sequences was 7157 with the number of subsystems 382. The GC contents included 66.96%. The sequence was submitted to NCBI with BioProject submission number PRJNA730996. Inoculum of selected bacterial strain Burkholderia cenocepacia was used for carrying solid-state fermentation of organic wastes. Four different agro-industrial wastes with a good amount of crude protein were selected: black gram husks (BGH) (15-22% Crude protein CP), rice bran (RB) (10-15% CP), peanut shell (PS) (6-7% CP), and dry leaves (DL) (as conventional fertilizers for comparison) were collected, dried, ground and sieved. Different parameters like pH, moisture content, particle size, temperature etc. were optimized. Inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) analysis of bio-organic fertilizers was performed. In general, concentration of nitrogen was higher in the first three biofertilizers i.e. BGH, RB and PS as compared to DL. Germination and glasshouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of four different BIOs on maize growth. The results showed that agro-industrial wastes inoculated with PGPR (BIOs) significantly enhanced (ϸ 0.05) germination percentage (100%) as compared to control (80%), whereas germination index, promptness index and seedling vigour index showed 32%, 34% and 21% increase respectively as compared to control. In the pot experiment, chlorophyll content increased by 28%, relative water content by 39.28%, protein by 3% and amino acid increased by 20.73% as compared to control. It was concluded that there is a positive effect of BIOs on germination parameters and the growth of maize. Thus, these BIOs can be recommended to farmers for the production of maize.
生物有机肥料（BIOs）是通过将植物促生根际细菌（PGPR）接种到农业工业废物中制备而成的，由于其对土壤健康产生了巨大的积极影响，因此越来越受到关注。本研究旨在制备和评估生物有机肥料对玉米的影响。从巴基斯坦伊斯兰堡附近农民田间的根际土壤中分离出植物促生根际细菌，并对其进行了植物生长促进特性的筛选，根据 PGPR 的特性选择了一株伯克霍尔德氏菌（Burkholderia cenocepacia）。进行了体外特性分析、全基因组序列分析、RAST 和 antiSMASH 分析。编码序列数为 7157 个，亚系统数为 382 个。GC 含量为 66.96%。序列已提交给 NCBI，生物项目提交编号为 PRJNA730996。选择的细菌菌株 Burkholderia cenocepacia 的接种物用于进行有机废物的固态发酵。选择了四种含有大量粗蛋白的不同农业工业废物：黑绿豆壳（BGH）（粗蛋白 CP 含量为 15-22%）、米糠（RB）（粗蛋白 CP 含量为 10-15%）、花生壳（PS）（粗蛋白 CP 含量为 6-7%）和干叶（作为常规肥料进行比较），收集、干燥、研磨和过筛。优化了 pH 值、水分含量、粒度、温度等不同参数。对生物有机肥料进行了电感耦合等离子体-光学发射光谱（ICP-OES）分析。一般来说，与 DL 相比，前三种生物肥料（BGH、RB 和 PS）中的氮浓度更高。进行了发芽和温室实验，以评估四种不同 BIOs 对玉米生长的影响。结果表明，与对照（80%）相比，接种 PGPR（BIOs）的农业工业废物显著提高了发芽率（100%），而发芽指数、迅速指数和幼苗活力指数分别提高了 32%、34%和 21%。在盆栽试验中，与对照相比，叶绿素含量增加了 28%，相对含水量增加了 39.28%，蛋白质增加了 3%，氨基酸增加了 20.73%。研究结论表明，BIOs 对发芽参数和玉米生长有积极影响。因此，建议农民使用这些 BIOs 生产玉米。
