Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India.
Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Mar 15;812:151470. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151470. Epub 2021 Nov 4.
The lateral dimension of an alluvial river - floodplains - provides a plethora of goods and services for human needs. Also, it supports the richest and diverse riverine ecosystems on Earth. But over-utilization of floodplain resources had impacted functions of river system adversely. So, the present study attempts to formulate a hydro-bio-geomorphological framework to assess the lateral dimension of a river system for sustainable management of river-floodplains and termed as river space in this paper. The study illustrates river space at seven hydro-meteorological sites situated on the main stem of the Ganga river in the ~750 km stretch that lies between Haridwar and Prayagraj cities. For hydrological aspect, the flood frequency analysis is used to identify flood inundation widths for floods of different return periods with the help of the rating curve and derived cross-section from satellite imagery. Bio-geomorphological aspects are taken into consideration for corroborating the hydrologically assessed river widths (lateral dimension). The present study suggests that the minimum river space should be equal to the lateral width corresponding to the 1-year return period flood. In the present hydro-meteorological sites in the middle Ganga plains, it ranges from 2 to 21 km. Overall, the present study gives an insight of a simple and logical approach that could be beneficial for the biomic restoration of rivers and their floodplains.
冲积河流的侧向维度——泛滥平原——为人类需求提供了大量的物质和服务。此外，它还支撑着地球上最丰富和多样的河流生态系统。但是，对泛滥平原资源的过度利用已经对河流系统的功能产生了不利影响。因此，本研究试图制定一个水文学-生物-地貌学框架，以评估河流系统的侧向维度，从而实现河流-泛滥平原的可持续管理，并在本文中称之为河流空间。本研究在恒河干流的七个水文气象站点进行了阐述，这些站点位于哈里德瓦尔和普雷亚格拉杰市之间约 750 公里的河段。在水文方面，利用水位流量关系曲线和卫星图像得出的横剖面，进行洪水频率分析，以确定不同重现期洪水的洪水淹没宽度。生物地貌学方面的考虑是为了佐证根据水文评估的河流宽度（侧向维度）。本研究建议，最小的河流空间应等于对应 1 年重现期洪水的侧向宽度。在恒河中游平原的现有水文气象站点中，其范围从 2 到 21 公里。总的来说，本研究提供了一种简单而合乎逻辑的方法，这可能对河流及其泛滥平原的生物修复有益。
