Vriend Tim, Rook Caroline, Garretsen Harry, Stoker Janka I, Kets de Vries Manfred
International Business School, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, Netherlands.
Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
Front Psychol. 2021 Oct 21;12:738120. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.738120. eCollection 2021.
Multisource feedback is important for leadership development and effectiveness. An important asset of such feedback is that it provides information about the self-other agreement between leaders and observers. Self-other agreement relates to several positive individual, dyadic, and organizational outcomes. Given the increasingly intercultural context in organizations, it is imperative to understand whether and how cultural distance between leaders and observers relates to self-other agreement. We hypothesize that cultural distance within leader-observer dyads is negatively associated with self-other agreement. Moreover, we expect that this relationship is stronger for leader-superior than leader-subordinate dyads. We use a unique multi-cultural dataset of 7,778 leaders (52 nationalities) rated by 22,997 subordinates (56 nationalities) and 10,132 superiors (54 nationalities) to test our hypotheses. Results confirm that cultural distance is negatively associated with self-other agreement; we show that this relationship is driven by increased self-ratings and by reduced other-ratings. In addition, we find that these results are more pronounced for leader-superior than for leader-subordinate dyads. Implications for the theory and practice of self-other agreement and multisource feedback are discussed.
多源反馈对于领导力发展和效能至关重要。这种反馈的一个重要优点是它提供了关于领导者与观察者之间自我他人一致性的信息。自我他人一致性与多个积极的个体、二元组和组织结果相关。鉴于组织中跨文化背景日益增加，了解领导者与观察者之间的文化距离是否以及如何与自我他人一致性相关至关重要。我们假设领导者 - 观察者二元组内的文化距离与自我他人一致性呈负相关。此外，我们预计这种关系在领导者 - 上级二元组中比在领导者 - 下属二元组中更强。我们使用一个独特的多文化数据集，该数据集包含由22,997名下属（56个国籍）和10,132名上级（54个国籍）对7,778名领导者（52个国籍）进行的评价，以检验我们的假设。结果证实文化距离与自我他人一致性呈负相关；我们表明这种关系是由自我评分增加和他人评分降低所驱动的。此外，我们发现这些结果在领导者 - 上级二元组中比在领导者 - 下属二元组中更为明显。本文讨论了自我他人一致性和多源反馈的理论与实践意义。
