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人体皮肤力学性能方向依赖性变化的无创定量分析

Non-Invasive Quantification of Directional Dependent Variation in Mechanical Properties for Human Skin.

作者信息

Lakhani Piyush, Dwivedi Krashn K, Parashar Atul, Kumar Navin

机构信息

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, India.

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, India.

出版信息

Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2021 Oct 22;9:749492. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.749492. eCollection 2021.

Abstract

Skin is the body's largest organ, and it shows non-linear and anisotropic behavior under the deformation. This behavior of the skin is due to the waviness and preferred orientation (in a particular direction) of collagen fibers. This preferred orientation of collagen fibers results in natural pre-tension and anisotropy of the skin. The knowledge of natural skin pre-tension and anisotropy is essential during incisions and surgery. The available suction-based devices quantify the anisotropy through the displacement field and cannot measure the stress-strain relation in particular directions. Therefore, in the current study, an full-field measurement suction apparatus was developed to measure the stress and strain of skin in all planar directions through a single experiment. First, this apparatus was tested on silicone substrates of known properties, and then it was used to test the skin of 12 human forearms. Further, to check the effect of hand stability on the measurements, the obtained results of the skin were compared with the results of a standard test performed in the same skin using a steady setup. The consistency between these two results confirms that the stability of the hand does not influence the measurements of skin properties. Furthermore, using the developed apparatus, the skin's anisotropy and its relation with the Kraissl's lines orientation was quantified by measuring the toe and linear moduli at an interval of one degree. The minimum and maximum values of the toe and linear moduli were 0.52 ± 0.09 and 0.59 ± 0.11 MPa, and 3.09 ± 0.47 and 5.52 ± 1.13 MPa, respectively. Also, the direction of maximum moduli was found almost similar to Kraissl's lines' orientation. These results confirm the contribution of skin pre-tension on the anisotropy of the skin. The present apparatus mimics the tissue expansion procedure, where observation of the test may be helpful in the selection of size and shape of the expander.

摘要

皮肤是人体最大的器官,在变形时表现出非线性和各向异性行为。皮肤的这种行为归因于胶原纤维的波纹状和择优取向(沿特定方向)。胶原纤维的这种择优取向导致了皮肤的自然预张力和各向异性。了解皮肤的自然预张力和各向异性在切口和手术过程中至关重要。现有的基于吸力的装置通过位移场来量化各向异性,无法测量特定方向上的应力-应变关系。因此,在当前研究中,开发了一种全场测量吸力装置,通过单次实验测量皮肤在所有平面方向上的应力和应变。首先,在已知特性的硅树脂基底上对该装置进行测试,然后用它来测试12名人类前臂的皮肤。此外,为了检查手部稳定性对测量的影响,将皮肤的测量结果与使用稳定装置在同一块皮肤上进行的标准测试结果进行比较。这两个结果之间的一致性证实了手部稳定性不会影响皮肤特性的测量。此外,使用所开发的装置,通过以一度的间隔测量趾部模量和线性模量,对皮肤的各向异性及其与克赖斯尔线方向的关系进行了量化。趾部模量和线性模量的最小值和最大值分别为0.52±0.09和0.59±0.11兆帕,以及3.09±0.47和5.52±1.13兆帕。此外,发现最大模量方向几乎与克赖斯尔线的方向相似。这些结果证实了皮肤预张力对皮肤各向异性的影响。本装置模拟了组织扩张过程,在该过程中观察测试可能有助于选择扩张器的尺寸和形状。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b97c/8569611/d24d9bff32f3/fbioe-09-749492-g001.jpg

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