Lentswe Katlego, Mawire Ashmore, Owusu Prince, Shobo Adedamola
Department of Physics and Electronics, Material Science Innovation and Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa.
Department of Mathematics, Science and Sports Education, University of Namibia, Private Bag 5507, Oshakati, Namibia.
Heliyon. 2021 Oct 20;7(10):e08226. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08226. eCollection 2021 Oct.
Biomass and fossil fuels are mostly used in rural areas of developing countries for cooking. These energy resources have negative impacts on the environment and human health mainly due to deforestation and greenhouse gas emissions. A cleaner and environmentally-friendly form of cooking is solar cooking using the sun's energy. Parabolic solar cookers perform better than other solar cookers such as box solar cookers since higher temperatures are achieved in a shorter duration. These higher temperatures allow most types of cooking processes such as; boiling, frying, roasting, and baking to be possible. The major problem with most conventional solar cookers is that cooking is not possible during off-sunshine periods. Integrating solar cookers with thermal energy storage (TES) makes cooking during off-sunshine periods possible. This paper presents a comprehensive review of parabolic solar cookers with TES which is a sustainable cooking solution for developing countries. Previous work on both parabolic trough and parabolic dish solar cookers with TES is presented. Solar cookers with storage are classified according to the two main types of TES technologies which are; sensible heat thermal energy storage (SHTES) and latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES). The main conclusions of the review are that; parabolic dish solar cookers with TES are more common than parabolic trough cookers, more studies have been done using latent heat storage as compared to sensible heat storage, limited modelling work has been presented, most of the parabolic cookers used aluminum sheets as the reflecting material, large scale experimental studies are limited and fewer studies tackled the techno-economic and socio-economic aspects. The review also highlights research gaps on parabolic solar cookers with TES in terms of the modelling, combined TES (sensible and latent heat), different reflector materials, large-scale experimental setups, and techno-economic and socio-economic analyses. Other important aspects to consider for parabolic solar cookers with TES include; the choice of sensible or latent heat storage materials, environmental impact, types of food to be cooked, and social acceptance.
生物质和化石燃料在发展中国家农村地区主要用于烹饪。这些能源对环境和人类健康有负面影响，主要是由于森林砍伐和温室气体排放。一种更清洁、环保的烹饪方式是利用太阳能的太阳能烹饪。抛物面太阳能炊具比其他太阳能炊具（如箱式太阳能炊具）性能更好，因为能在更短时间内达到更高温度。这些更高的温度使大多数类型的烹饪过程成为可能，如煮沸、油炸、烘烤和烘焙。大多数传统太阳能炊具的主要问题是在非日照时段无法烹饪。将太阳能炊具与热能储存（TES）相结合，使得在非日照时段烹饪成为可能。本文对带有TES的抛物面太阳能炊具进行了全面综述，这是一种为发展中国家提供的可持续烹饪解决方案。介绍了此前关于带有TES的抛物槽式和抛物面碟式太阳能炊具的工作。带有储存功能的太阳能炊具根据TES的两种主要技术类型进行分类，即显热热能储存（SHTES）和潜热热能储存（LHTES）。综述的主要结论是：带有TES的抛物面碟式太阳能炊具比抛物槽式炊具更常见，与显热储存相比，使用潜热储存的研究更多，已发表的建模工作有限，大多数抛物面炊具使用铝板作为反射材料，大规模实验研究有限，涉及技术经济和社会经济方面的研究较少。该综述还强调了在建模、复合TES（显热和潜热）、不同反射器材料、大规模实验装置以及技术经济和社会经济分析方面，带有TES的抛物面太阳能炊具的研究差距。对于带有TES的抛物面太阳能炊具，其他需要考虑的重要方面包括：显热或潜热储存材料的选择、环境影响、要烹饪的食物类型以及社会接受度。
