School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China.
Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States.
Environ Sci Technol. 2021 Dec 7;55(23):15579-15595. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.1c04509. Epub 2021 Nov 8.
As two major types of pollutants of emerging concerns, microplastics (MPs) and antibiotics (ATs) coexist in aquatic environments, and their interactions are a source of increasing concern. Therefore, this work examines the interaction mechanisms of MPs and ATs, and the effect of MPs on ATs bioavailability and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) abundance in aquatic environments. First, the mechanisms for ATs adsorption on MPs are summarized, mainly including hydrophobic, hydrogen-bonding, and electrostatic interactions. But other possible mechanisms, such as halogen bonding, CH/π interaction, cation-π interaction, and negative charge-assisted hydrogen bonds, are newly proposed to explain the observed ATs adsorption. Additionally, environmental factors (such as pH, ionic strength, dissolved organic matters, minerals, and aging conditions) affecting ATs adsorption by MPs are specifically discussed. Moreover, MPs could change the bioaccumulation and toxicity of ATs to aquatic organisms, and the related mechanisms on the joint effect are reviewed and analyzed. Furthermore, MPs can enrich ARGs from the surrounding environment, and the effect of MPs on ARGs abundance is evaluated. Finally, research challenges and perspectives for MPs-ATs interactions and related environmental implications are presented. This review will facilitate a better understanding of the environmental fate and risk of both MPs and ATs.
作为两种新兴关注的污染物，微塑料（MPs）和抗生素（ATs）共存于水生环境中，它们的相互作用引起了越来越多的关注。因此，这项工作研究了 MPs 和 ATs 的相互作用机制，以及 MPs 对 ATs 生物可利用性和抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）丰度在水生环境中的影响。首先，总结了 ATs 在 MPs 上吸附的机制，主要包括疏水、氢键和静电相互作用。但其他可能的机制，如卤键、CH/π 相互作用、阳离子-π 相互作用和负电荷辅助氢键，被新提出以解释观察到的 ATs 吸附。此外，还特别讨论了影响 MPs 吸附 ATs 的环境因素（如 pH 值、离子强度、溶解有机物、矿物质和老化条件）。此外， MPs 可以改变 ATs 对水生生物的生物积累和毒性，并且对联合效应的相关机制进行了综述和分析。此外， MPs 可以从周围环境中富集 ARGs，并且评估了 MPs 对 ARGs 丰度的影响。最后，提出了 MPs-ATs 相互作用及其相关环境影响的研究挑战和展望。这篇综述将有助于更好地理解 MPs 和 ATs 的环境归宿和风险。
