University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark.
Open University, Milton Keynes, UK.
Am J Clin Hypn. 2022 Aug;64(1):12-19. doi: 10.1080/00029157.2020.1863183.
Many medical conditions are claimed to benefit when hypnosis is incorporated into their treatment. For some conditions, the claims are largely anecdotal, but the treatment of pain stands out in two ways. First, there is a strong body of evidence that hypnosis can produce clinically useful analgesic effects. Second, since innocuous pain can be induced in the laboratory, the process can be explored rigorously. This idea assumes that experimentally induced pain and clinical pain behave identically. We describe using experimentally induced pain in patients already suffering from temporomandibular disorders. Scanning results indicate that the pain and its amelioration are the same in the two circumstances. Moreover, the absence of any impact upon a nociceptive trigemino-facial reflex implies that the impact of hypnosis is purely cortical. Finally, we address the observation that clinical success correlates poorly with hypnotic susceptibility scores. It is proposed that a painful experimental situation induces anxiety. This, like hypnosis, has been associated with an emphasis on right hemisphere activity. Thus, clinical anxiety may render a person more responsive to hypnosis than would be indicated by a susceptibility test delivered in stress-free circumstances.
许多医学病症据称在将催眠纳入其治疗方案后会有所改善。对于某些病症，这些说法在很大程度上只是传闻，但疼痛的治疗却有两个突出的特点。首先，有大量证据表明催眠可以产生临床有用的镇痛效果。其次，由于可以在实验室中诱发无害的疼痛，因此可以严格地探索这一过程。这一观点假设实验诱导的疼痛和临床疼痛的行为完全相同。我们在已经患有颞下颌关节紊乱的患者中使用实验性诱导的疼痛来描述这一过程。扫描结果表明，两种情况下的疼痛及其缓解方式相同。此外，对三叉神经面部伤害反射没有任何影响意味着催眠的影响纯粹是皮质的。最后，我们还注意到临床成功与催眠易感性评分相关性差的观察结果。据认为，痛苦的实验情况会引起焦虑。这种情况与强调右半球活动有关，就像催眠一样。因此，与在无压力环境下进行的催眠易感性测试相比，临床焦虑可能会使人对催眠更敏感。
