School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom.
Department of Ophthalmology, York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, North Yorkshire, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2021 Nov 8;16(11):e0258678. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258678. eCollection 2021.
Many people experience unilateral degraded vision, usually owing to a developmental or age-related disorder. There are unresolved questions regarding the extent to which such unilateral visual deficits impact on sensorimotor performance; an important issue as sensorimotor limitations can constrain quality of life by restricting 'activities of daily living'. Examination of the relationship between visual deficit and sensorimotor performance is essential for determining the functional implications of ophthalmic conditions. This study attempts to explore the effect of unilaterally degraded vision on sensorimotor performance.
In Experiment 1 we simulated visual deficits in 30 participants using unilateral and bilateral Bangerter filters to explore whether motor performance was affected in water pouring, peg placing, and aiming tasks. Experiment 2 (n = 74) tested the hypothesis that kinematic measures are associated with visuomotor deficits by measuring the impact of small visual sensitivity decrements created by monocular viewing on sensorimotor interactions with targets presented on a planar surface in aiming, tracking and steering tasks.
In Experiment 1, the filters caused decreased task performance-confirming that unilateral (and bilateral) visual loss has functional implications. In Experiment 2, kinematic measures were affected by monocular viewing in two of three tasks requiring rapid online visual feedback (aiming and steering).
Unilateral visual loss has a measurable impact on sensorimotor performance. The benefits of binocular vision may be particularly important for some groups (e.g. older adults) where an inability to complete sensorimotor tasks may necessitate assisted living. There is an urgent need to develop rigorous kinematic approaches to the quantification of the functional impact of unilaterally degraded vision and of the benefits associated with treatments for unilateral ophthalmic conditions to enable informed decisions around treatment.
许多人经历单侧视力下降，通常是由于发育或与年龄相关的障碍。对于单侧视觉缺陷在多大程度上影响感觉运动表现，仍存在未解决的问题；这是一个重要的问题，因为感觉运动的限制会通过限制“日常生活活动”来限制生活质量。检查视觉缺陷与感觉运动表现之间的关系对于确定眼科状况的功能影响至关重要。本研究试图探讨单侧视力下降对感觉运动表现的影响。
在实验 1 中，我们使用单侧和双侧班格特滤光片模拟 30 名参与者的视觉缺陷，以探索在倒水、放置钉子和瞄准任务中，运动表现是否受到影响。实验 2（n = 74）测试了这样一种假设，即运动学测量与视觉运动缺陷相关，通过测量在瞄准、跟踪和转向任务中，使用单眼观察对目标产生的小视觉灵敏度下降对与目标的感觉运动相互作用的影响来验证这一假设。
在实验 1 中，滤光片导致任务表现下降-证实单侧（和双侧）视力丧失具有功能意义。在实验 2 中，在需要快速在线视觉反馈的三个任务中的两个任务中，运动学测量受到单眼观察的影响（瞄准和转向）。
单侧视力下降对感觉运动表现有可测量的影响。对于某些群体（例如老年人），无法完成感觉运动任务可能需要辅助生活，因此双眼视力的好处可能尤为重要。迫切需要开发严格的运动学方法来量化单侧视力下降的功能影响以及与单侧眼科状况治疗相关的益处，以便做出明智的治疗决策。
