Abo Ali Fawzia Hassan, Mahmoud Nehal Elfawy, El-Sayed Amr Yakout Mohamed, Abdelmaksoud Mariam Fathy, Shata Alaa K, Fouad Shaimaa Hani
Department of Internal Medicine/Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Department of Clinical Pathology, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
J Asthma Allergy. 2021 Nov 2;14:1323-1333. doi: 10.2147/JAA.S329531. eCollection 2021.
Selective immunoglobulin A (IgA) deficiency is characterized by a high incidence of both recurrent infections and atopic diseases. Asthma is one of the most common lung diseases affecting around 300 million people worldwide and is associated with risk of serious pneumococcal disease and microbial infections. Multiple studies have attributed this to impaired innate and adaptive immunity in asthmatics. An additional probable hypothesis is the existence of an underlying primary immunodeficiency (PID), such as selective IgA deficiency (sIgAD).
To assess the prevalence of selective IgA deficiency and its correlation to recurrent infections in asthmatic patients.
A case-control study was conducted on 80 subjects who were divided into 3 groups: 20 Asthmatic patients with recurrent chest infections (Group A), 20 asthmatic patients without recurrent chest infections (Group B) and 40 healthy controls (Group C).
On comparing the 3 studied groups, there was a statistically significant difference between the three groups (p = ˂0.001) concerning serum IgA. The mean serum IgA was statistically significantly lower in Group A&B than in Group C. Furthermore, it was significantly lower in Group A than in Group B and C (p1,2 <0.002 and <0.001*, respectively). The percentage of selective IgA deficiency or partial IgA deficiency in asthmatic patients was 56% (26 patients). Group A showed a statistically significant higher percentage of selective/partial IgA deficiency.
选择性免疫球蛋白A（IgA）缺乏症的特征是反复感染和过敏性疾病的发生率较高。哮喘是影响全球约3亿人的最常见肺部疾病之一，与严重肺炎球菌疾病和微生物感染的风险相关。多项研究将此归因于哮喘患者先天和适应性免疫受损。另一个可能的假说是存在潜在的原发性免疫缺陷（PID），例如选择性IgA缺乏症（sIgAD）。
评估哮喘患者中选择性IgA缺乏症的患病率及其与反复感染的相关性。
对80名受试者进行了病例对照研究，将其分为3组：20名有反复胸部感染的哮喘患者（A组），20名无反复胸部感染的哮喘患者（B组）和40名健康对照者（C组）。
比较3个研究组时，三组之间血清IgA存在统计学显著差异（p =＜0.001）。A组和B组的平均血清IgA在统计学上显著低于C组。此外，A组的血清IgA显著低于B组和C组（分别为p1,2＜0.002和＜0.001*）。哮喘患者中选择性IgA缺乏或部分IgA缺乏的百分比为56%（26例患者）。A组显示选择性/部分IgA缺乏的百分比在统计学上显著更高。
