Murthy Sanjay K, Kuenzig M Ellen, Windsor Joseph W, Ghia Jean-Eric, Griffiths Anne M, Panaccione Remo, Seow Cynthia H, Benchimol Eric I, Bernstein Charles N, Bitton Alain, Huang James Guoxian, Jones Jennifer L, Lee Kate, Kaplan Gilaad G, Mukhtar Mariam S, Tandon Parul, Targownik Laura E, Gibson Deanna L
The Ottawa Hospital IBD Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
J Can Assoc Gastroenterol. 2021 Nov 5;4(Suppl 2):S54-S60. doi: 10.1093/jcag/gwab033. eCollection 2021 Dec.
The COVID-19 pandemic has ushered a globally focused vaccine development program that produced multiple successful vaccines within a year. Four SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have been approved for use in Canada, using two different technologies, all of which have shown excellent efficacy in reducing the rate of symptomatic COVID-19 infection and 100% efficacy in preventing death from COVID-19. People with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), like many others with immune-mediated chronic diseases, were excluded from the pivotal trials of these vaccines, leading to early hesitancy by regulatory bodies to endorse administering the vaccines to these groups. However, recent data has shown that the adverse event rate to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine among people with IBD is similar to the general population. Early data has further shown that people with IBD are capable of mounting a robust immune response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, particularly following a second dose, whereas the response to the first dose is blunted in those receiving anti-TNF therapy or conventional immunosuppressants (azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine, methotrexate). Based on these data and evidence from previous vaccine programs among people with IBD, multiple national and international expert panels have recommended that individuals with IBD receive complete vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 as soon as possible.
新冠疫情推动了一项全球关注的疫苗研发计划，该计划在一年内研制出多种成功的疫苗。四种严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）疫苗已在加拿大获批使用，采用了两种不同技术，所有这些疫苗在降低有症状的新冠病毒感染率方面均显示出卓越疗效，在预防新冠死亡方面的疗效达100%。炎症性肠病（IBD）患者与许多其他免疫介导的慢性病患者一样，被排除在这些疫苗的关键试验之外，导致监管机构早期对批准向这些人群接种疫苗犹豫不决。然而，最近的数据表明，IBD患者中接种SARS-CoV-2疫苗的不良事件发生率与普通人群相似。早期数据进一步表明，IBD患者能够对SARS-CoV-2疫苗产生强烈的免疫反应，尤其是在接种第二剂之后，而在接受抗TNF治疗或传统免疫抑制剂（硫唑嘌呤、6-巯基嘌呤、甲氨蝶呤）的患者中，对第一剂的反应则较弱。基于这些数据以及之前IBD患者疫苗接种计划的证据，多个国家和国际专家小组建议IBD患者尽快完成SARS-CoV-2疫苗的全程接种。
