Belgian Health Care Knowledge Centre (KCE), Brussel, Belgium.
Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
Int J Health Plann Manage. 2022 Mar;37(2):886-901. doi: 10.1002/hpm.3382. Epub 2021 Nov 10.
Adequate levels of health literacy (HL) are crucial to ensure good quality of health, social life and wellbeing. HL is a mediating factor in health disparities. Low HL hampers interaction with healthcare. HL is a shared responsibility of individuals and the healthcare system. Multi-dimensional programs and policies should be set up.
To learn from current HL policies and action plans and to identify elements to consider for the development of national HL plans.
Transversal analysis of HL policies in six countries, based on a preliminary scoping review. A combination of document analysis and key informant approach. Local experts validated and completed information for their country. A transversal comparison was performed.
Several approaches were identified, often influenced by contextual factors, healthcare reforms and existence of centers of expertise. Some governments developed full-fledged, standalone plans, while others developed broader plans covering the entire health and care sector. Some took a conceptually driven, high level approach. Others took a pragmatic approach. And some did not have a governmental plan at all.
Policy makers should analyse their state structure and health system, and search for local 'pockets of excellence', to develop a well-planned, substantiated HL approach for their country.
足够的健康素养水平对于确保良好的健康、社会生活和幸福感至关重要。健康素养是健康差异的一个中介因素。低健康素养会阻碍与医疗保健的互动。健康素养是个人和医疗保健系统的共同责任。应该制定多维的项目和政策。
从当前的健康素养政策和行动计划中学习，并确定制定国家健康素养计划需要考虑的要素。
对六个国家的健康素养政策进行横断面分析，基于初步的范围审查。采用文件分析和关键信息提供者方法相结合。当地专家对其所在国家的信息进行了验证和补充。进行了横断面比较。
确定了几种方法，这些方法通常受到背景因素、医疗改革和专业知识中心的存在的影响。一些政府制定了全面的、独立的计划，而另一些政府则制定了涵盖整个健康和护理部门的更广泛的计划。一些国家采取了概念驱动的、高水平的方法。另一些国家则采取了务实的方法。还有一些国家根本没有政府计划。
政策制定者应该分析其国家结构和卫生系统，并寻找当地的“卓越领域”，为其国家制定一个精心规划、有充分依据的健康素养方法。
