Marine Science Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, 750 Channel View Drive, Port Aransas, TX 78373, United States of America.
Marine Science Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, 750 Channel View Drive, Port Aransas, TX 78373, United States of America.
Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2022 Feb-Mar;258:110694. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2021.110694. Epub 2021 Nov 7.
Embryonic and early larval development and metabolism are fueled entirely by maternally derived nutritional resources (yolk and oil) before the onset of exogenous feeding. Composition of these maternally derived nutrients depends partly on maternal diet. Diet-egg relationships for fatty acids are well described for some species, but little is known about lipid transfer to eggs. To examine the effects of maternal diet on the egg composition, we fed adult red drum Sciaenops ocellatus six different diets, and measured lipid class and fatty acid composition of eggs they produced. Egg lipid class profiles remained relatively stable with only subtle differences in the concentrations of several lipid classes. Neutral lipid classes (wax ester/steryl ester (WE/SE), triglyceride (TG), sterol) varied more than polar lipid classes, with egg TG content being directly related to TG content of maternal diets. Dietary variations rapidly affected fatty acid composition of all major lipid classes in eggs (TG, WE/SE, phosphatidylcholine), with greater effects on neutral lipids than on the polar lipid. Results suggest a degree of maternal control over the provisioning of lipids as structural components (phospholipids) and energy substrates (neutral lipids), which may ensure proper development of larvae. But, egg fatty acid composition within lipid classes is more variable, and this may have consequences for larval survival and performance. This study also suggests that the pathways of maternal-offspring nutrient transfer are likely different for neutral and polar lipids.
胚胎和早期幼体的发育和代谢完全依赖于母体提供的营养物质（卵黄和油脂），直到开始外源性摄食。这些母体来源的营养物质的组成部分取决于母体的饮食。一些物种的脂肪酸的饮食-卵关系已经得到了很好的描述，但关于脂质向卵的传递知之甚少。为了研究母体饮食对卵组成的影响，我们用六种不同的饮食喂养成年红石斑鱼 Sciaenops ocellatus，测量它们所产卵的脂质类别和脂肪酸组成。卵脂质类别谱相对稳定，只有几种脂质类别的浓度略有差异。中性脂质类（蜡酯/甾醇酯 (WE/SE)、甘油三酯 (TG)、固醇）的变化大于极性脂质类，卵 TG 含量与母体饮食的 TG 含量直接相关。饮食变化迅速影响卵中所有主要脂质类别的脂肪酸组成（TG、WE/SE、磷脂酰胆碱），对中性脂质的影响大于对极性脂质的影响。结果表明，母体在提供脂质作为结构成分（磷脂）和能量底物（中性脂质）方面具有一定的控制能力，这可能确保了幼虫的正常发育。但是，脂质类别内的卵脂肪酸组成更具变异性，这可能对幼虫的生存和表现产生影响。本研究还表明，母体-后代营养物质传递的途径可能在中性和极性脂质之间有所不同。
