Leong G M, Drew J H
Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 1987 Feb;27(1):40-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1479-828x.1987.tb00930.x.
Eighty-seven infants (0.13% of livebirths) developed necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) during a 15-year period at the Mercy Maternity Hospital, Melbourne. The disease was associated with 23 deaths, representing a mortality rate of 26.4% and comprising 2.6% of all neonatal deaths. The incidence of NEC increased from 0.07% of all livebirths for the years 1971-1974 to 0.25% for the 19-month period from January, 1984 to July, 1985. The mean age at onset was 9.9 days with an inverse relationship between birth-weight and age of onset of the disease. The mothers of the infants who developed NEC belonged to a significantly higher risk obstetric population; gestational diabetes was identified in 3 of 28 mothers (10.6%) having glucose tolerance tested, and 1 other patients was a known diabetic. Subnormal oestriol excretion was detected in 15 of 45 patients tested, treble the overall hospital incidence. Of the 87 infants, 26 (29.9%) were VLBW (birth-weight less than 1,500 g), 5 were term (5.7%) and 9 (10.3%) were small for gestational age. The mean gestational age was 34.7 weeks and mean birth-weight was 1,988 g. Sixty-seven (77%) infants received medical treatment alone and 20 (23%) also received surgical treatment. Sequelae which developed in survivors were colonic strictures (4), fistulas (2) and the short-gut syndrome (1).
在墨尔本慈悲妇产医院的15年期间，有87名婴儿（占活产儿的0.13%）患上坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）。该病导致23例死亡，死亡率为26.4%，占所有新生儿死亡的2.6%。NEC的发病率从1971 - 1974年占所有活产儿的0.07%上升至1984年1月至1985年7月这19个月期间的0.25%。发病时的平均年龄为9.9天，发病年龄与出生体重呈反比关系。患NEC婴儿的母亲属于产科风险显著更高的人群；在接受糖耐量测试的28名母亲中，有3名（10.6%）被诊断为妊娠期糖尿病，另有1名患者为已知糖尿病患者。在接受测试的45名患者中，有15名雌三醇排泄低于正常水平，是全院总体发病率的三倍。87名婴儿中，26名（29.9%）为极低出生体重儿（出生体重低于1500克），5名（5.7%）为足月儿，9名（10.3%）为小于胎龄儿。平均孕周为34.7周，平均出生体重为1988克。67名（77%）婴儿仅接受了药物治疗，20名（23%）还接受了手术治疗。幸存者出现的后遗症包括结肠狭窄（4例）、瘘管（2例）和短肠综合征（1例）。
