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巴基斯坦的 COVID-19 疫情暴发准备和应对情况:形势分析。

Pakistan's COVID-19 Outbreak Preparedness and Response: A Situational Analysis.

机构信息

Nadia Noreen, MPH, MSc, is Team Lead Technical, Directorate of Central Health Establishments; Syed Atta Ur Rehman, MBBS, is Additional Secretary; and Saeed Ullah Khan Niazi, MA, MBA, is Joint Secretary; all at the Ministry of National Health, Regulations, Services and Coordination, Islamabad, Pakistan. Iram Naveed, MBBS, MPH, is Deputy Director, Outpatient Department, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan. Irfan B. Furqan, MBBS, PhD, is an Assistant Professor and Director Research Development, Institute of Global Health, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

出版信息

Health Secur. 2021 Nov;19(6):605-615. doi: 10.1089/hs.2021.0006. Epub 2021 Nov 11.

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to devastate countries around the world. Pakistan has had a largely successful control strategy with fewer hospitalizations and mortality than its neighboring countries of China, Iran, and India. The aim of our study was to assess Pakistan's state of preparedness for and response to the COVID-19 outbreak, including its multifaceted approach in surveillance, response, and diagnostic services. The study was a situational analysis based on the 2020 World Health Organization . The authors collected national data from January to August 2020 from the government of Pakistan's COVID-19 website and Pakistan's Directorate of Central Health Establishments. We also conducted an extensive review of recently published articles on COVID-19, literature, news alerts, and publicly available data on COVID-19 in Pakistan. To address the COVID-19 pandemic, the country drafted a national action plan, developed mobile applications and the national 1166 helpline, conducted thermal screening and active case finding at all points of entry, and established and strengthened a surveillance system for contact tracing and case-based surveillance, with coordination at the federal and provincial levels. Additionally, a total of 134 laboratories have been designated in major cities for testing of COVID-19; 735 hospitals have been designated for the management of cases in isolation wards at federal, provincial, and regional levels; and dedicated quarantine places have been ensured. Despite being a resource-constrained country, the government of Pakistan has mounted a coordinated national effort using the best available resources. The government is rightly focusing on 4 major areas-surveillance, management, response, and coordination-in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan.

摘要

新冠疫情继续在全球肆虐。巴基斯坦在控制疫情方面取得了巨大成功,与邻国中国、伊朗和印度相比,巴基斯坦的住院和死亡率都较低。我们的研究旨在评估巴基斯坦对新冠疫情爆发的准备情况和应对措施,包括其在监测、应对和诊断服务方面的多方面方法。该研究基于 2020 年世界卫生组织的情况分析。作者从 2020 年 1 月至 8 月从巴基斯坦政府的新冠疫情网站和巴基斯坦中央卫生机构收集了全国数据。我们还对最近发表的关于新冠疫情的文章、文献、新闻警报以及巴基斯坦新冠疫情的公开数据进行了广泛审查。为应对新冠疫情,该国起草了国家行动计划,开发了移动应用程序和国家 1166 热线,在所有入境点进行体温筛查和主动病例发现,并建立和加强了接触者追踪和基于病例的监测系统,在联邦和省级层面进行协调。此外,在主要城市指定了 134 个实验室用于检测新冠病毒;在联邦、省和地区各级的隔离病房指定了 735 家医院用于管理病例;并确保了专门的隔离场所。尽管巴基斯坦是一个资源有限的国家,但政府利用现有最佳资源进行了协调一致的国家努力。政府正确地将重点放在 4 个主要领域——监测、管理、应对和协调——以控制巴基斯坦的新冠疫情。

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