Basile Debora, Simionato Francesca, Cappetta Alessandro, Garattini Silvio Ken, Roviello Giandomenico, Aprile Giuseppe
Department of Oncology, San Bortolo General Hospital, AULSS8 Berica, Vicenza, Italy.
Department of Oncology, University Hospital, Udine, Italy.
Biologics. 2021 Nov 3;15:451-462. doi: 10.2147/BTT.S290323. eCollection 2021.
Gastric cancer (GC) is a complex and heterogeneous disease with poor prognosis and limited available treatment options. During recent years, several molecular stratifications have been proposed to optimize the overall treatment strategy for GC patients. Breakthroughs in cancer biology and in molecular profiling through DNA and RNA sequencing are now opening novel landscapes, leading to the personalization of molecular matched therapy. In particular, therapies against HER2, Claudine 18.2, Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors (FGFR), and other molecular alterations could significantly improve survival outcomes in the advance phase of the disease. Furthermore, immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors also represents a promising option in a selected population. Hoping that precision oncology will enter soon in clinical practice, our review describes the state of the art of many novel pathways and the current evidence supporting the use of monoclonal antibodies implicated in GC treatment.
胃癌（GC）是一种复杂的异质性疾病，预后较差且可用的治疗选择有限。近年来，人们提出了几种分子分层方法，以优化GC患者的整体治疗策略。癌症生物学以及通过DNA和RNA测序进行的分子谱分析方面的突破，正在开辟新的前景，从而实现分子匹配疗法的个性化。特别是，针对HER2、Claudin 18.2、成纤维细胞生长因子受体（FGFR）和其他分子改变的疗法，可显著改善疾病进展期的生存结果。此外，使用检查点抑制剂进行免疫治疗在特定人群中也代表着一种有前景的选择。希望精准肿瘤学能尽快进入临床实践，我们的综述描述了许多新通路的现状以及支持在GC治疗中使用单克隆抗体的现有证据。
