Vignone Anthony, Biancaniello Francesca, Casadio Marco, Pesci Ludovica, Cardinale Vincenzo, Ridola Lorenzo, Alvaro Domenico
Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell'Università 37, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Department of Medical-Surgical and Biotechnologies Sciences, Polo Pontino, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100 Latina, Italy.
J Clin Med. 2021 Oct 24;10(21):4901. doi: 10.3390/jcm10214901.
Cholangiocarcinoma is a group of malignancies with poor prognosis. Treatments for the management of advanced-stage cholangiocarcinoma are limited, and the 5-year survival rate is estimated to be approximately 5-15%, considering all tumor stages. There is a significant unmet need for effective new treatment approaches. The present review is provided with the aim of summarizing the current evidence and future perspectives concerning new therapeutic strategies for cholangiocarcinoma. The role of targeted therapies and immunotherapies is currently investigational in cholangiocarcinoma. These therapeutic options might improve survival outcomes, as shown by the promising results of several clinical trials illustrated in the present review. The co-presence of driver mutations and markers of susceptibility to immunotherapy may lead to rational combination strategies and clinical trial development. A better understanding of immunologically based therapeutic weapons is needed, which will lead to a form of a precision medicine strategy capable of alleviating the clinical aggressiveness and to improve the prognosis of cholangiocarcinoma.
胆管癌是一组预后较差的恶性肿瘤。晚期胆管癌的治疗方法有限，考虑到所有肿瘤分期，5年生存率估计约为5%-15%。目前迫切需要有效的新治疗方法。本综述旨在总结有关胆管癌新治疗策略的当前证据和未来前景。靶向治疗和免疫治疗在胆管癌中的作用目前正在研究中。如本综述中所示的几项临床试验的令人鼓舞的结果表明，这些治疗选择可能会改善生存结果。驱动突变与免疫治疗易感性标志物的共同存在可能会导致合理的联合策略和临床试验的开展。需要更好地理解基于免疫的治疗手段，这将形成一种精准医学策略，能够减轻临床侵袭性并改善胆管癌的预后。
