Amarasena Najith, Chrisopoulos Sergio, Jamieson Lisa M, Luzzi Liana
Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health (ARCPOH), Adelaide Dental School, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Nov 2;18(21):11539. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182111539.
This study was conducted to describe the distribution and trends in dental caries, periodontal disease and tooth loss in Australian adults based on the findings of the National Study of Adult Oral Health 2017-18. A cross-sectional study of a random sample of Australians aged 15+ years was carried out, employing a three-stage stratified probability sampling design. Data were collected via online survey/telephone interviews using a questionnaire to elicit self-reported information about oral health and related characteristics. Participants were then invited to have an oral examination, conducted by calibrated dental practitioners following a standardised protocol in public dental clinics. A total of 15,731 Australians aged 15+ years were interviewed, of which 5022 dentate participants were orally examined. Results showed that nearly one third of Australian adults had at least one tooth surface with untreated dental caries and, on average, 29.7 decayed, missing or filled tooth surfaces per person. Almost 29% of adults presented with gingivitis while the overall prevalence of periodontitis was 30.1%. Overall, 4% of adults were edentulous while, on average, 4.4 teeth were lost due to pathology. Poorer oral health was evident in Australians from lower socioeconomic backgrounds, indicating socioeconomic inequalities in oral health. Time trends revealed that dental caries experience and tooth retention of Australian adults has improved over 30 years, while periodontal health has deteriorated between 2004-06 and 2017-18. These findings can be used to assist policy makers in planning and implementing future oral healthcare programs.
本研究旨在根据2017 - 18年成人口腔健康全国性研究的结果，描述澳大利亚成年人龋齿、牙周疾病和牙齿缺失的分布情况及发展趋势。对15岁及以上澳大利亚人的随机样本进行了横断面研究，采用三阶段分层概率抽样设计。通过在线调查/电话访谈收集数据，使用问卷获取关于口腔健康及相关特征的自我报告信息。随后邀请参与者进行口腔检查，由经过校准的牙科医生按照公共牙科诊所的标准化方案进行操作。总共对15731名15岁及以上的澳大利亚人进行了访谈，其中5022名有牙参与者接受了口腔检查。结果显示，近三分之一的澳大利亚成年人至少有一个牙面存在未经治疗的龋齿，平均每人有29.7个龋坏、缺失或充填的牙面。近29%的成年人患有牙龈炎，而牙周炎的总体患病率为30.1%。总体而言，4%的成年人无牙，平均因病变缺失4.4颗牙齿。社会经济背景较低的澳大利亚人的口腔健康状况较差，表明口腔健康存在社会经济不平等现象。时间趋势显示，澳大利亚成年人的龋齿经历和牙齿保留情况在30年里有所改善，而牙周健康在2004 - 06年至2017 - 18年期间有所恶化。这些研究结果可用于协助政策制定者规划和实施未来的口腔保健项目。
