School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, China.
Molecules. 2021 Nov 3;26(21):6662. doi: 10.3390/molecules26216662.
Biomass-derived carbon has been recognised as a green, economic and promising flame retardant (FR) for polymer matrix. In this paper, it is considered that the two-dimensional (2D) structure of carbonised peanut shells (PS) can lead to a physical barrier effect on polymers. The carbonised sample was prepared by the three facile methods, and firstly adopted as flame retardants for epoxy resin. The results of thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and cone calorimeter tests indicate that the carbon combined with nano Cobalt provides the most outstanding thermal stability in the current study. With 3 wt.% addition of the FR, both peak heat release rate (pHRR) and peak smoke production rate (PSPR) decrease by 37.9% and 33.3%, correspondingly. The flame retardancy mechanisms of the FR are further explored by XPS and TG-FTIR. The effectiveness of carbonised PS can be mainly attributed to the physical barrier effect derived by PS's 2D structure and the catalysis effect from Cobalt, which contribute to form a dense char layer.
生物质衍生碳已被认为是聚合物基体的一种绿色、经济且有前途的阻燃剂（FR）。本文认为，碳化花生壳（PS）的二维（2D）结构可以对聚合物产生物理阻隔效应。碳化样品通过三种简便的方法制备，并首先用作环氧树脂的阻燃剂。热重分析（TGA）和锥形量热仪测试的结果表明，在当前研究中，碳与纳米钴的结合提供了最突出的热稳定性。添加 3wt.%的 FR 后，分别降低了 37.9%和 33.3%的最大热释放速率（pHRR）和最大烟释放速率（PSPR）。通过 XPS 和 TG-FTIR 进一步探讨了 FR 的阻燃机理。碳化 PS 的有效性主要归因于 PS 的 2D 结构产生的物理阻隔效应和钴的催化作用，这有助于形成致密的炭层。
