Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety-Queensland (CARRS-Q), Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059, Australia.
DATS (Development and Advising in Traffic Safety) Research Group, INTRAS (Research Institute on Traffic and Road Safety), University of Valencia, Carrer del Serpis 29, 3rd Floor, DATS, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
Accid Anal Prev. 2022 Jan;164:106471. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2021.106471. Epub 2021 Nov 10.
Cyclists are vulnerable road users and face disproportionately high rates of road trauma, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Behaviour of road users is a system outcome, and thus studying cyclist behaviours can identify problems in the whole road transport system and assist in generating long-lasting, cost-effective solutions to promote cyclist safety. This study aims to investigate the similarities and disparities of cycling behaviour among countries with different income levels and cycling prevalence, and the relationships among cyclist demographic characteristics, behaviours and crash involvement. It applies the Cycling Behaviour Questionnaire (CBQ) to measure the behaviour of cyclists in three countries: Australia (high-income, emerging cycling country), China (mid-income, traditional cycling country) and Colombia (low-income, emerging cycling country). A total of 1094 cyclists (Australia 347, China 368, and Colombia 379) with a mean age of 31.8 years completed the online questionnaire. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was used to examine the factorial structure of the CBQ. The results showed that the three-factor CBQ (i.e., Traffic Violations, Errors and Positive Behaviours) had a stable and uniform factorial structure across all three countries. Cyclists reported more frequent positive behaviours than risky behaviours across all three countries. The Australian cyclists reported more positive behaviours and fewer violations than cyclists from the other countries, which is likely to reflect the road environment, policy and enforcement differences. Male cyclists tended to engage in more risky riding than females and reported more crash involvement. Older cyclists reported less risky riding and less involvement in crashes than younger cyclists. Cyclists who rode more often reported more frequent risky riding. The study helps understand the prevalence of risky/positive cyclist behaviours among countries and provides insights for developing systematic countermeasures to improve cycling environment and cyclist safety.
自行车出行者是道路使用者中的弱势群体，在道路创伤方面的发生率极高，尤其是在低收入和中等收入国家。道路使用者的行为是系统的结果，因此研究自行车出行者的行为可以发现整个道路运输系统中存在的问题，并有助于制定长期、具有成本效益的解决方案，以提高自行车出行者的安全性。本研究旨在调查不同收入水平和自行车普及程度国家的自行车出行行为的相似性和差异性，以及自行车出行者的人口统计学特征、行为和事故参与之间的关系。本研究应用自行车行为问卷（CBQ）来衡量三个国家的自行车出行者的行为：澳大利亚（高收入、新兴自行车国家）、中国（中收入、传统自行车国家）和哥伦比亚（低收入、新兴自行车国家）。共有 1094 名自行车出行者（澳大利亚 347 名，中国 368 名，哥伦比亚 379 名），平均年龄为 31.8 岁，完成了在线问卷。验证性因子分析用于检验 CBQ 的因子结构。结果表明，三因素 CBQ（即交通违规、错误和积极行为）在所有三个国家都具有稳定且统一的因子结构。自行车出行者报告的积极行为比危险行为更为频繁，这在所有三个国家都是如此。澳大利亚自行车出行者报告的积极行为比其他国家的自行车出行者更多，违规行为更少，这可能反映了道路环境、政策和执法方面的差异。男性自行车出行者比女性更倾向于危险骑行，并且报告的事故参与率更高。年龄较大的自行车出行者比年龄较小的自行车出行者危险骑行和事故参与率更低。骑车频率更高的自行车出行者报告的危险骑行更为频繁。本研究有助于了解各国自行车出行者危险/积极行为的流行程度，并为制定系统的对策以改善自行车环境和提高自行车出行者的安全性提供了见解。
