Weifang Medical University School of Public Health, China.
Central University of Finance and Economics Department of Sociology, China.
Psychiatry Res. 2021 Dec;306:114267. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114267. Epub 2021 Nov 5.
Studies have been reported on suicide and schizophrenic suicide, but few compared certain characteristics of suicides with and without schizophrenia.
A sample of 392 suicides was consecutively recruited from 16 counties in three provinces of China. Psychological autopsy method was applied to collect the information through informants. The questionnaire of characteristics for suicidal behavior, Beck's Suicide Intent Scale (SIS), and the DSM-IV based SCID were applied.
About 9.7% of the sampled suicides (n = 38) were diagnosed with schizophrenia, and they were more likely to be female and older in age. No significant differences were found on violent suicide means, but significant differences within non-violent means between two groups. Schizophrenic suicide was more likely to happen in the second quarter of the year (April - June), middle of the month (11th-20th), and in the afternoon (3:01 pm - 6:00 pm). The schizophrenic suicides had higher suicide intent than those without schizophrenia and were more inclined to be isolated, more likely to tell people their suicide intent, and less likely to prepare posthumous papers.
Schizophrenic suicides have unique characteristics, and targeted preventive measures should be taken to prevent schizophrenic suicides. To accurately identify characteristics of suicide behavior is meaningful to prevent schizophrenic suicides in clinical practice.
已有研究报道了自杀和精神分裂症自杀，但很少有研究比较有和无精神分裂症的自杀者的某些特征。
从中国三个省份的 16 个县连续招募了 392 名自杀者作为样本。采用心理解剖方法，通过知情人收集信息。应用自杀行为特征问卷、贝克自杀意念量表（SIS）和基于 DSM-IV 的 SCID 进行评估。
在所抽取的自杀者中（n=38），约有 9.7%被诊断为精神分裂症，他们更可能是女性且年龄较大。在暴力自杀手段方面没有显著差异，但两组在非暴力手段方面存在显著差异。精神分裂症自杀更可能发生在一年中的第二季度（4 月至 6 月）、月中旬（11 日至 20 日）和下午（下午 3 点 01 分至 6 点）。精神分裂症自杀者的自杀意念高于无精神分裂症自杀者，更倾向于孤立，更有可能告诉别人他们的自杀意念，而不太可能准备遗书。
精神分裂症自杀者具有独特的特征，应采取有针对性的预防措施来预防精神分裂症自杀。准确识别自杀行为的特征对于临床实践中预防精神分裂症自杀具有重要意义。
