College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Land Quality, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing, 100193, China.
Ecological and Agricultural Meteorology Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010051, China.
J Environ Manage. 2022 Jan 15;302(Pt B):114070. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114070. Epub 2021 Nov 12.
Understanding the impact of climate change on terrestrial wet and dry changes and the relationship between the two is of great significance to the sustainable development of terrestrial ecosystems. The farming-pastoral ecotone of northern China (FPENC) is an area that is sensitive to climate change, suffering from perennial drought and a clear aridification trend. Unlike previous single-factor, single-timescale studies, we identified aridification in the region based on a dataset established by remote sensing and ground-based monitoring stations from a combination of two perspectives: climate and soil. The results show that, in terms of climate, the period from 2000 to 2019 was the driest in the region during the last 120 years , and the summer drought was the most severe and shifted from a summer to spring drought; in terms of soil, the soil aridification trend in the region was severe, with 16.1% of the areas becoming significantly drier (P < 0.1) among the years and 41.6% in spring, respectively. Similar to climate change, soils exhibited recessive aridification due to the counterbalancing effect of the dry and wet seasons within the year. Then the coupling relationship between climate change and soil aridification was established in time and space. Moreover, the spatiotemporal response patterns of both were obtained. The results showed that the frequency of soil drought under meteorological drought conditions showed an increasing trend and that the sensitivity of soil drought occurrence increased. Among them, the effect of precipitation on relative soil moisture (RSM) was immediate, and the effect of prolonged warming on RSM is greater. The area of soil aridification that was caused by climatic aridification in spring accounted for 13.7% of the entire area. The regional aridification research mode proposed in this paper can provide ideas for subsequent studies.
了解气候变化对陆地干湿变化的影响及其两者之间的关系，对于陆地生态系统的可持续发展具有重要意义。中国北方农牧交错带（FPENC）是一个对气候变化敏感的地区，常年遭受干旱，且有明显的干旱化趋势。与以往单一因素、单一时间尺度的研究不同，我们从气候和土壤两个角度，结合遥感和地面监测站的数据，确定了该地区的干旱化情况。结果表明，从气候方面看，2000 年至 2019 年是过去 120 年中该地区最干旱的时期，夏季干旱最为严重，并从夏季干旱转为春季干旱；从土壤方面看，该地区土壤干旱化趋势严重，其中有 16.1%的区域在各年份间变得明显更干燥（P < 0.1），春季分别为 41.6%。与气候变化类似，由于年内干湿季节的平衡作用，土壤也表现出潜在的干旱化。然后在时间和空间上建立了气候变化和土壤干旱化的耦合关系。此外，还获得了它们的时空响应模式。结果表明，在气象干旱条件下，土壤干旱的频率呈增加趋势，且土壤干旱发生的敏感性增加。其中，降水对相对土壤湿度（RSM）的影响是直接的，而长时间变暖对 RSM 的影响更大。春季气候干旱化导致的土壤干旱化面积占整个地区的 13.7%。本文提出的区域干旱化研究模式可为后续研究提供思路。
