Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agricultural and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
J Sci Food Agric. 2022 May;102(7):3047-3056. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.11646. Epub 2021 Nov 26.
Faba bean varieties with low or zero tannin content have been developed in Canada to overcome the negative effects of condensed tannins on the utilization by ruminants of crude protein (CP) and starch. However, their nutritional value has not been evaluated for incorporation in dairy rations. The objectives of this study were to investigate (i) the chemical profile; (ii) the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) protein and carbohydrate subfractions; (iii) the energy values; (iv) the ruminal, intestinal, and total digestibility of CP; (v) the metabolizable protein (MP) supply to dairy cows; and (vi) the protein-inherent molecular spectral characteristics of brown-seeded (var. Fatima) faba beans with high tannin content and yellow-seeded (var. Snowbird) faba beans with low tannin content.
The results revealed that Fatima beans had higher (P < 0.001) CP content than Snowbird (324 versus 295 g kg dry matter (DM)), and lower (P < 0.01) starch content than Snowbird (411 g kg DM versus 444 g kg DM). Fatima had a lower (P = 0.001) soluble subfraction (201 g kg DM versus 220 g kg DM) and higher (P < 0.05) slowly degradable fiber-bounded (24.9 g kg DM versus 14.7 g kg DM) and non-degradable (3.24 g kg DM versus 0 g kg DM) CNCPS CP subfractions than Snowbird. Fatima had higher (P = 0.03) MP content (117 g kg DM versus 111 g kg DM) and metabolizable energy content (ME) 3.12 Mcal kg versus 3.10 Mcal kg ) than Snowbird. Molecular spectral intensities of amide I and II proteins (height and area) of Fatima were higher (P < 0.05) than those of Snowbird, reflecting their higher CP content. The ratio of protein spectral intensities, the amide I : amide II height ratio, and the α-helix : β-sheet height ratio differed (P < 0.05) between the two types of bean, highlighting differences in their inherent protein molecular structures.
The (Fatima) faba beans with high condensed tannin content had higher MP and ME content. On average, both Faba beans had higher ME and MP content than barley grains, highlighting their promising nutritional value for dairy rations. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
为了克服单宁对反刍动物粗蛋白（CP）和淀粉利用率的负面影响，加拿大已经开发出单宁含量低或零的蚕豆品种。然而，它们的营养价值尚未在奶牛日粮中得到评估。本研究的目的是研究（i）化学特征；（ii）康奈尔净碳水化合物和蛋白质系统（CNCPS）蛋白质和碳水化合物亚组分；（iii）能量值；（iv）CP 的瘤胃、肠道和总消化率；（v）可代谢蛋白（MP）对奶牛的供应；以及（vi）高单宁含量的棕色种子（Fatima 品种）和低单宁含量的黄色种子（Snowbird 品种）蚕豆固有分子光谱特征。
结果表明，Fatima 豆的 CP 含量（324 克干物质（DM））高于 Snowbird（324 克干物质（DM）），淀粉含量（411 克 DM）低于 Snowbird（444 克 DM）。Fatima 的可溶性亚组分（201 克 DM）较低（P = 0.001），而缓慢降解纤维结合的不可降解 CNCPS CP 亚组分（24.9 克 DM）和（3.24 克 DM）较高（P < 0.05）。Fatima 的 MP 含量（117 克 DM）和可代谢能含量（ME）3.12 Mcal kg 高于 Snowbird（111 克 DM）和 3.10 Mcal kg 。Fatima 的酰胺 I 和 II 蛋白质（高度和面积）的分子光谱强度高于 Snowbird（P < 0.05），反映了其更高的 CP 含量。两种类型的豆之间的蛋白质光谱强度比、酰胺 I ：酰胺 II 高度比以及α-螺旋：β-折叠高度比不同（P < 0.05），突出了它们固有蛋白质分子结构的差异。
高单宁含量的（Fatima）蚕豆具有更高的 MP 和 ME 含量。平均而言，两种蚕豆的 ME 和 MP 含量均高于大麦谷物，这突出了它们在奶牛日粮中的潜在营养价值。© 2021 化学工业协会。
