Biswas Md Sanaullah, Mano Jun'ichi
Department of Horticulture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh.
Science Research Center, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan.
Front Plant Sci. 2021 Oct 28;12:720867. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.720867. eCollection 2021.
Oxidation of membrane lipids by reactive oxygen species (ROS) or O/lipoxygenase leads to the formation of various bioactive compounds collectively called oxylipins. Reactive carbonyl species (RCS) are a group of oxylipins that have the α,β-unsaturated carbonyl structure, including acrolein and 4-hydroxy-()-2-nonenal. RCS provides a missing link between ROS stimuli and cellular responses in plants via their electrophilic modification of proteins. The physiological significance of RCS in plants has been established based on the observations that the RCS-scavenging enzymes that are overexpressed in plants or the RCS-scavenging chemicals added to plants suppress the plants' responses to ROS, i.e., photoinhibition, aluminum-induced root damage, programmed cell death (PCD), senescence, abscisic acid-induced stomata closure, and auxin-induced lateral root formation. The functions of RCS are thus a key to ROS- and redox-signaling in plants. The chemical species involved in distinct RCS signaling/damaging phenomena were recently revealed, based on comprehensive carbonyl determinations. This review presents an overview of the current status of research regarding RCS signaling functions in plants and discusses present challenges for gaining a more complete understanding of the signaling mechanisms.
活性氧（ROS）或脂氧合酶对膜脂的氧化作用会导致多种生物活性化合物的形成，这些化合物统称为氧化脂质。活性羰基化合物（RCS）是一类具有α,β-不饱和羰基结构的氧化脂质，包括丙烯醛和4-羟基-（E）-2-壬烯醛。RCS通过对蛋白质进行亲电修饰，在植物中ROS刺激与细胞反应之间建立了缺失的联系。基于以下观察结果，RCS在植物中的生理意义得以确立：在植物中过表达的RCS清除酶或添加到植物中的RCS清除化学物质会抑制植物对ROS的反应，即光抑制、铝诱导的根系损伤、程序性细胞死亡（PCD）、衰老、脱落酸诱导的气孔关闭以及生长素诱导的侧根形成。因此，RCS的功能是植物中ROS和氧化还原信号传导的关键。基于全面的羰基测定，最近揭示了参与不同RCS信号传导/损伤现象的化学物质。本综述概述了植物中RCS信号传导功能的研究现状，并讨论了目前在更全面理解信号传导机制方面面临的挑战。
