Du Yuanyuan, Ge Ying, Chang Jie
College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; email:
Annu Rev Anim Biosci. 2022 Feb 15;10:227-240. doi: 10.1146/annurev-animal-020420-043152. Epub 2021 Nov 15.
Demand for ruminant products (dairy products, beef, and sheep meat) is increasing rapidly with population and income growth and the acceleration of urbanization. However, ruminant animals exert the highest environmental impacts and consume the most resources in the livestock system. Increasing studies have focused on various measures to reduce ammonia, greenhouse gas emissions, and resource depletion from ruminant production to consumption. This review offers supply- and demand-side management strategies to reduce the environmental impact of ruminant products and emphasizes the mitigation potential of coupling livestock production with cultivation and renewable energy. On a global scale, more attention should be paid to the green-source trade and to strengthening global technology sharing. The success of these strategies depends on the cost effectiveness of technology, public policy, and financial support. Future studies and practice should focus on global database development for sharing mitigation strategies, thus facilitating technology innovations and socioeconomic feasibility.
随着人口增长、收入增加以及城市化加速，对反刍动物产品（乳制品、牛肉和羊肉）的需求正在迅速增长。然而，反刍动物对环境的影响最大，并且在畜牧系统中消耗的资源最多。越来越多的研究集中在采取各种措施，以减少从反刍动物生产到消费过程中的氨、温室气体排放和资源消耗。本综述提供了供需双方的管理策略，以减少反刍动物产品对环境的影响，并强调了将畜牧生产与种植及可再生能源相结合的减排潜力。在全球范围内，应更加关注绿色来源贸易并加强全球技术共享。这些策略的成功取决于技术、公共政策和财政支持的成本效益。未来的研究和实践应专注于开发全球数据库以共享减排策略，从而促进技术创新和社会经济可行性。
