Wagner Günter P, Dighe Anasuya, Levchenko Andre
Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut, USA; email:
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Annu Rev Anim Biosci. 2022 Feb 15;10:259-279. doi: 10.1146/annurev-animal-020420-031544. Epub 2021 Nov 15.
Analogies between placentation, in particular the behavior of trophoblast cells, and cancer have been noted since the beginning of the twentieth century. To what degree these can be explained as a consequence of the evolution of placentation has been unclear. In this review, we conclude that many similarities between trophoblast and cancer cells are shared with other, phylogenetically older processes than placentation. The best candidates for cancer hallmarks that can be explained by the evolution of eutherian placenta are mechanisms of immune evasion. Another dimension of the maternal accommodation of the placenta with an impact on cancer malignancy is the evolution of endometrial invasibility. Species with lower degrees of placental invasion tend to have lower vulnerability to cancer malignancy. We finally identify several areas in which one could expect to see coevolutionary changes in placental and cancer biology but that, to our knowledge, have not been explored.
自二十世纪初以来，人们就注意到胎盘形成，特别是滋养层细胞的行为与癌症之间的相似之处。这些相似之处在多大程度上可以解释为胎盘形成进化的结果尚不清楚。在这篇综述中，我们得出结论，滋养层细胞与癌细胞之间的许多相似之处与胎盘形成之前系统发育上更古老的其他过程是共有的。可以用真兽类胎盘进化来解释的癌症标志的最佳候选者是免疫逃避机制。胎盘母体适应性影响癌症恶性程度的另一个方面是子宫内膜侵袭性的进化。胎盘侵袭程度较低的物种往往对癌症恶性程度的易感性也较低。我们最终确定了几个领域，在这些领域中，可以预期胎盘生物学和癌症生物学中会出现共同进化的变化，但据我们所知，尚未对此进行探索。
