Guo Lian-Dong, Xu Zejun, Tong Rongbiao
Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
Hong Kong Branch of the Guangdong Southern Marine Science and Engineering Laboratory (Guangzhou), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2022 Jan 17;61(3):e202115384. doi: 10.1002/anie.202115384. Epub 2021 Nov 27.
Paspaline-derived indole diterpenes (IDTs) are structurally complex mycotoxins with unique tremorgenic activity. Reported are asymmetric total syntheses of three paspaline-derived IDTs paspalicine, paspalinine and paspalinine-13-ene. Our synthesis features a green Achmatowicz rearrangement/bicycloketalization for the efficient construction of FG rings (75 % yield) and a cascade ring-closing metathesis of dienyne for highly regioselective formation of CD rings (72 % yield). Other highlights include four palladium-mediated reactions (Stille, aza-Wacker, Suzuki, and Heck) to forge the BE rings and the installation of two continuous all-carbon quaternary stereocenters via reductive ring-opening of cyclopropane and α-methylation of the conjugate ester. Our new synthetic strategy is expected to be applicable to the chemical synthesis of other paspaline-derived IDTs and will facilitate the bioactivity studies of these agriculturally and pharmacologically important IDTs.
源自雀稗碱的吲哚二萜(IDTs)是结构复杂的霉菌毒素,具有独特的震颤活性。本文报道了三种源自雀稗碱的IDTs——雀稗碱、雀稗宁和雀稗宁-13-烯的不对称全合成。我们的合成方法的特点是采用绿色的阿赫马托维奇重排/双环缩酮化反应高效构建FG环(产率75%),以及采用二烯炔的串联闭环复分解反应高度区域选择性地形成CD环(产率72%)。其他亮点包括四个钯介导的反应(施蒂勒反应、氮杂瓦克反应、铃木反应和赫克反应)来构建BE环,以及通过环丙烷的还原开环和共轭酯的α-甲基化安装两个连续的全碳季碳立体中心。我们的新合成策略有望应用于其他源自雀稗碱的IDTs的化学合成,并将促进这些在农业和药理学上具有重要意义的IDTs的生物活性研究。