Akbulut Gamze, Yesildemir Ozge
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gazi University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara 06490, Turkey.
World J Stem Cells. 2021 Oct 26;13(10):1530-1548. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i10.1530.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the newly discovered SARS-CoV-2. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a high-risk procedure. The novelty of COVID-19 has created more uncertainty during all phases of HSCT. It is thought that HSCT patients taking immunosuppressive agents are more likely to contract COVID-19 than healthy individuals are. Appropriate care precautions should be taken with patients undergoing HSCT to minimize the risk of COVID-19, and appropriate treatment methods must be followed in patients infected with COVID-19. Malnutrition has become a significant problem in HSCT patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. The causes of malnutrition in HSCT patients are multifactorial. However, the most important reason is the decrease in energy and nutrient intake. The HSCT procedure can lead to many complications such as dysgeusia, mucositis, diarrhea, constipation, xerostomia and vomiting/nausea. Improving the nutritional status of HSCT patients by managing each of these special complications with an appropriate nutritional approach is essential for successful engraftment. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the specific complications affecting the nutritional status of HSCT patients and their nutritional approach during the challenging COVID-19 pandemic.
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）由新发现的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引起。造血干细胞移植（HSCT）是一项高风险操作。COVID-19的新颖性在HSCT的各个阶段都带来了更多不确定性。据认为，服用免疫抑制剂的HSCT患者比健康个体更易感染COVID-19。对于接受HSCT的患者应采取适当的护理预防措施，以将感染COVID-19的风险降至最低，对于感染COVID-19的患者必须遵循适当的治疗方法。在COVID-19大流行期间，营养不良已成为HSCT患者中的一个重大问题。HSCT患者营养不良的原因是多方面的。然而，最重要的原因是能量和营养摄入减少。HSCT操作可导致许多并发症，如味觉障碍、粘膜炎、腹泻、便秘、口干和呕吐/恶心。通过采用适当的营养方法处理这些特殊并发症中的每一种来改善HSCT患者的营养状况，对于成功植入至关重要。本综述旨在全面概述在具有挑战性的COVID-19大流行期间影响HSCT患者营养状况的特定并发症及其营养方法。
