2013年至2019年美国职业橄榄球运动员胫骨骨折的流行病学研究
Epidemiology of Tibial Fractures in Professional American Football Athletes From 2013 to 2019.
作者信息
Knapik Derrick M, Mack Christina D, Lee Rebecca, Heersink William, Tanenbaum Joseph E, Wetzel Robert J, Voos James E
机构信息
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
University Hospitals Sports Medicine Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
出版信息
Orthop J Sports Med. 2021 Nov 11;9(11):23259671211040878. doi: 10.1177/23259671211040878. eCollection 2021 Nov.
BACKGROUND
Lower extremity injuries occur with high frequency in National Football League (NFL) athletes and cause high burden to players and teams. Tibial fractures are among the most severe lower extremity injuries sustained in athletes and are associated with prolonged time loss from sport.
PURPOSE
To determine the number of tibial fractures in NFL athletes from the 2013 to 2019 NFL seasons and describe athlete demographics, fracture characteristics, and details of injury onset.
STUDY DESIGN
Case series; Level of evidence, 4.
METHODS
A retrospective review of the NFL injury database was performed to identify all NFL athletes sustaining tibial fractures over the 2013 to 2019 NFL seasons. Athlete characteristics, injury characteristics, days missed, and treatment (operative vs nonoperative) were examined. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate means, standard deviations, ranges, and percentages.
RESULTS
A total of 64 tibial fractures were identified in 60 athletes, resulting in a median loss of 74 days. Defensive secondary athletes had the highest number of injuries (n = 10; 16%), followed by running backs (n = 9; 14%), while 61% of these injuries occurred during NFL regular-season games, primarily between weeks 13 and 17. The most commonly reported activity during injury was athletes being tackled, with a direct impact to the tibia being the most common mechanism of injury. Lateral tibial plateau fractures were the most frequently reported, while distal tibial fractures resulted in the greatest number of days lost. The median time lost for injuries requiring surgery was 232 days compared with 56 days for injuries treated using conservative management.
CONCLUSION
The highest proportion of tibial fractures were injuries to defensive secondary athletes and athletes being tackled while sustaining a direct impact to the leg, primarily to the lateral tibial plateau. Tibial fracture injuries were commonly sustained during NFL regular-season games, primarily during the final 4 weeks of the NFL regular season. Further investigations examining performance and career longevity in athletes sustaining tibial fractures are warranted to help improve the health and safety of NFL athletes.
背景
在美国国家橄榄球联盟（NFL）运动员中，下肢损伤发生率很高，给运动员和球队带来了沉重负担。胫骨骨折是运动员遭受的最严重的下肢损伤之一，与长时间无法参加比赛有关。
目的
确定2013年至2019年NFL赛季中NFL运动员胫骨骨折的数量，并描述运动员的人口统计学特征、骨折特征以及受伤发生的细节。
研究设计
病例系列；证据等级，4级。
方法
对NFL伤病数据库进行回顾性分析，以确定在2013年至2019年NFL赛季中所有发生胫骨骨折的NFL运动员。检查了运动员特征、损伤特征、缺赛天数和治疗方式（手术治疗与非手术治疗）。使用描述性统计来计算均值、标准差、范围和百分比。
结果
在60名运动员中总共发现了64例胫骨骨折，平均缺赛74天。防守二线队员受伤人数最多（n = 10；16%），其次是跑卫（n = 9；14%），而这些损伤中有61%发生在NFL常规赛期间，主要是在第13周和第17周之间。受伤时最常报告的活动是运动员被擒抱，对胫骨的直接撞击是最常见的受伤机制。外侧胫骨平台骨折报告最为频繁，而胫骨远端骨折导致的缺赛天数最多。需要手术治疗的损伤平均缺赛时间为232天，而采用保守治疗的损伤为56天。
结论
胫骨骨折比例最高的是防守二线队员以及在腿部受到直接撞击时被擒抱的运动员，主要是外侧胫骨平台。胫骨骨折损伤通常发生在NFL常规赛期间，主要是在NFL常规赛的最后4周。有必要进一步调查胫骨骨折运动员的表现和职业生涯长度，以帮助改善NFL运动员的健康和安全状况。
Zotero 插件