Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2022 Jan 1;148(1):13-19. doi: 10.1001/jamaoto.2021.1431.
Monitoring the evolution of gender diversity within medicine is essential to understanding the medical workforce and anticipating its future.
To evaluate gender distribution and trends among trainees and practicing physicians in the field of otolaryngology-head and neck surgery (OHNS) across Canada.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study collected demographic data on the Canadian population, medical students, resident physicians, fellows, practicing physicians, and full-time professors from the following publicly available databases: the Canadian Post-MD Education Registry, the Canadian Medical Education Statistics from the Association of Faculties of Medicine of Canada, the Canadian Medical Association Masterfile, the Canadian Resident Matching Service archives, and the Canadian Institute for Health Information from 2000 to 2019. Information about the gender distribution in leadership positions and fellowships was obtained through publicly available websites where gender was either listed or assigned by authors.
The primary outcomes were the proportion of women in OHNS and the evolution of gender diversity over time.
In 2019, 65 of 155 of OHNS trainees were female (41.9%), whereas female representation among all surgical trainees combined was 1225 of 2496 (49.1%). Female OHNS trainees and practicing physicians are underrepresented despite a 13.3% increase in female trainees and a 14.3% increase in female staff physicians from 2000 to 2019. Proportionally fewer female graduates pursued a fellowship during a 10-year period compared with their male counterparts, with otology and neurotology having the lowest female representation (6 of 27 [22.2%]). A minimal increase occurred in the number of women holding academic leadership positions (eg, 4 of 13 residency training programs had a previous or current female director).
Despite the overall increase in the representation of women in the field of OHNS in Canada, these findings suggest that persistent gender gaps remain with respect to academic leadership positions and fellowship training. Continuous monitoring of the surgical workforce is important to highlight and address gender disparities within OHNS.
监测医学领域性别多样性的演变对于了解医疗劳动力并预测其未来至关重要。
评估加拿大耳鼻喉科-头颈外科（OHNS）领域的受训人员和执业医师的性别分布和趋势。
设计、设置和参与者：这项横断面研究从以下公开可用的数据库中收集了加拿大人口、医学生、住院医师、研究员、执业医师和全职教授的人口统计学数据：加拿大医学后教育注册处、加拿大医学教育统计数据来自加拿大医学协会、加拿大医学协会主文件、加拿大住院医师匹配服务档案和加拿大卫生信息研究所从 2000 年到 2019 年。通过公开可用的网站获取有关领导职位和研究员性别分布的信息，这些网站要么列出了性别，要么由作者分配了性别。
主要结果是 OHNS 中的女性比例和随时间推移的性别多样性演变。
2019 年，155 名 OHNS 受训者中有 65 名（41.9%）为女性，而所有外科受训者中女性比例为 2496 名中的 1225 名（49.1%）。尽管女性 OHNS 受训者和执业医师的比例有所增加，但与 2000 年至 2019 年期间女性受训者增加 13.3%和女性医务人员增加 14.3%相比，她们的代表性仍然不足。与男性相比，在 10 年期间，女性毕业生攻读研究员的比例较低，其中耳科学和神经耳科学的女性代表性最低（27 名中的 6 名[22.2%]）。担任学术领导职位的女性人数略有增加（例如，13 个住院医师培训计划中有 4 个以前或现任女性主任）。
尽管加拿大 OHNS 领域女性代表人数总体增加，但这些发现表明，在学术领导职位和研究员培训方面，性别差距仍然存在。持续监测外科劳动力对于突出和解决 OHNS 中的性别差距非常重要。
