O'Neill Carley D, Vidal-Almela Sol, Terada Tasuku, Kamiya Kentaro, Tulloch Heather E, Pipe Andrew L, Reed Jennifer L
Exercise Physiology and Cardiovascular Health Lab, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada (Drs O'Neill, Terada, and Reed and Ms Vidal-Almela); Institut du savoir Montfort, Hôpital Montfort, Ottawa, Canada (Ms Vidal-Almela); School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario (Ms Vidal-Almela and Dr Reed); University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada (Drs Tulloch and Pipe); and Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, Sagamihara, Japan (Dr Kamiya).
J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2022 Jan 1;42(1):15-21. doi: 10.1097/HCR.0000000000000617.
The objective of this study was to investigate sex and age differences in anxiety and depression among patients with cardiovascular disease at baseline and following aerobic interval training (AIT)-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) and secondarily to compare dropout rates between sexes and age groups.
Participants were younger (≤44 yr), middle-aged (45-64 yr), and older adults (≥65 yr). The AIT protocol consisted of: 4 × 4-min of high-intensity work periods at 85-95% peak heart rate (HR) interspersed with 3 min of lower-intensity intervals at 60-70% peak HR, twice weekly for 10 wk. Anxiety and depression were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at baseline and following CR.
At baseline, of 164 participants (32% female), 14 (35% female) were younger, 110 (33% female) were middle-aged, and 40 (30% female) were older. Older adults reported lower anxiety levels versus younger (4.4 ± 2.6 vs 7.8 ± 3.4 points, P = .008) and middle-aged adults (4.4 ± 2.6 vs 6.1 ± 3.6 points, P = .05). Baseline depression levels did not differ between age groups (P = .749). All age groups experienced a reduction in anxiety (younger =-2.67; middle-aged =-1.40; older =-0.85) and depression (younger =-1.50; middle-aged =-0.83; older =-0.70) levels following CR. Differences in dropout rates were observed between age groups (χ2[1] = 13.4, P = .001). Within each age group, 43% (female n = 2, male n = 4) of younger, 10% (female n = 8, male n = 3) of middle-aged, and 2.5% (female n = 0, male n = 1) of older participants dropped out.
Younger and middle-aged adults experience higher levels of anxiety upon entry into CR compared with older adults. Cardiac rehabilitation was associated with significant reductions in anxiety and depression severity, yet dropout rates were highest among younger adults.
本研究的目的是调查心血管疾病患者在基线时以及基于有氧间歇训练（AIT）的心脏康复（CR）后焦虑和抑郁方面的性别和年龄差异，其次是比较不同性别和年龄组之间的退出率。
参与者分为年轻人（≤44岁）、中年人（45 - 64岁）和老年人（≥65岁）。AIT方案包括：每周两次，每次4个4分钟的高强度工作时段，心率达到峰值心率（HR）的85 - 95%，其间穿插3分钟心率为峰值HR的60 - 70%的低强度时段，共持续10周。在基线时和CR后使用医院焦虑抑郁量表评估焦虑和抑郁情况。
在164名参与者（32%为女性）中，基线时，14名（35%为女性）为年轻人，110名（33%为女性）为中年人，40名（30%为女性）为老年人。老年人报告的焦虑水平低于年轻人（4.4±2.6对7.8±3.4分，P = 0.008）和中年人（4.4±2.6对6.1±3.6分，P = 0.05）。各年龄组的基线抑郁水平无差异（P = 0.749）。所有年龄组在CR后焦虑（年轻人=-2.67；中年人=-1.40；老年人=-0.85）和抑郁（年轻人=-1.50；中年人=-0.83；老年人=-0.70）水平均有所降低。各年龄组之间的退出率存在差异（χ2[1]=13.4，P = 0.001）。在每个年龄组中，年轻人中有43%（女性n = 2，男性n = 4）、中年人中有10%（女性n = 8，男性n = 3）、老年人中有2.5%（女性n = 0，男性n = 1）退出。
与老年人相比，年轻人和中年人在开始CR时焦虑水平更高。心脏康复与焦虑和抑郁严重程度的显著降低相关，但年轻人的退出率最高。
