Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wroclaw, Kanonia 6/8, 50-328 Wroclaw, Poland.
Funct Plant Biol. 2021 Dec;49(1):1-12. doi: 10.1071/FP21194.
An antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) is a short single-stranded deoxyribonucleotide complementary to the sense strand of a selected nucleic acid. As a result, an ASO can modulate gene expression through several mechanisms. The technology based on ASO has already been applied in studies on gene function in mammalian cells and selective therapeutic strategies for many diseases. The conceptual simplicity and low cost of this method, and the developments in the field of plant genome sequencing observed in the last decades, have paved the way for the ASO method also in plant biology. It is applied in gene function analysis as well as the development of non-invasive plant production technology involving gene modifications without transgenesis. Therefore, the first part of this review provides a comprehensive overview of the structure, mechanism of action and delivery methods of ASOs in plants and shows the most important features essential for the proper design of individual experiments. We also discuss potential issues and difficulties that may arise during practical ASO implementation. The second part of this article contains an analysis of ASO applications in various studies in the field of plant biology. We presented for the first time that ASOs were also successfully applied in cucumber.
反义寡核苷酸 (ASO) 是一种短的单链脱氧核苷酸，与选定核酸的有义链互补。因此，ASO 可以通过几种机制调节基因表达。基于 ASO 的技术已经应用于哺乳动物细胞中的基因功能研究和许多疾病的选择性治疗策略。该方法的概念简单、成本低，以及过去几十年中在植物基因组测序领域的发展，为 ASO 方法在植物生物学中的应用铺平了道路。它既应用于基因功能分析，也应用于开发涉及基因修饰而不涉及转基因的非侵入性植物生产技术。因此，本文的第一部分全面概述了 ASO 在植物中的结构、作用机制和传递方法，并展示了个体实验设计所必需的最重要特征。我们还讨论了在实际 ASO 实施过程中可能出现的潜在问题和困难。本文的第二部分包含了 ASO 在植物生物学各个研究领域中的应用分析。我们首次提出，ASO 也成功地应用于黄瓜。
