Ono Koki, Higomoto Toshiya, Saito Yugo, Uchino Shun, Nishida Yusuke, Takahashi Yoshiro
Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan.
Nat Commun. 2021 Nov 18;12(1):6724. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-27011-2.
Quantum transport is ubiquitous in physics. So far, quantum transport between terminals has been extensively studied in solid state systems from the fundamental point of views such as the quantized conductance to the applications to quantum devices. Recent works have demonstrated a cold-atom analog of a mesoscopic conductor by engineering a narrow conducting channel with optical potentials, which opens the door for a wealth of research of atomtronics emulating mesoscopic electronic devices and beyond. Here we realize an alternative scheme of the quantum transport experiment with ytterbium atoms in a two-orbital optical lattice system. Our system consists of a multi-component Fermi gas and a localized impurity, where the current can be created in the spin space by introducing the spin-dependent interaction with the impurity. We demonstrate a rich variety of localized-impurity-induced quantum transports, which paves the way for atomtronics exploiting spin degrees of freedom.
量子输运在物理学中无处不在。到目前为止，从诸如量子化电导等基本观点到量子器件的应用，固态系统中终端之间的量子输运已经得到了广泛研究。最近的研究工作通过利用光学势构建一个狭窄的导电通道，展示了介观导体的冷原子模拟物，这为大量模拟介观电子器件及其他领域的原子电子学研究打开了大门。在此，我们在一个双轨道光学晶格系统中实现了用镱原子进行量子输运实验的另一种方案。我们的系统由多组分费米气体和一个局域杂质组成，通过引入与杂质的自旋相关相互作用，可以在自旋空间中产生电流。我们展示了丰富多样的由局域杂质诱导的量子输运，这为利用自旋自由度的原子电子学铺平了道路。
