Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, and Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
Department of Radiology, Deyang Peoples' Hospital, Deyang, China.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Nov 19;100(46):e27873. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000027873.
Sclerosing thymoma (ST) is quite a rare disease, as denoted in previous literature. Less than 20 cases of ST have been reported to date. However, the combined thymoma, composed of both type AB thymoma and ST, has never been described before.
The subject, a 49-year-old woman, came in with the chief complaint of cough for 10 days.
Both the contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan and the ultrasonography showed a huge mass located in the right thoracic cavity with inhomogeneous contrast accompanied by the invasion of the pericardium and pleura. Subsequently, computed tomography-guided core-needle biopsy revealed type B2 thymoma, and type AB thymoma could not be excluded. Based on postsurgical histopathology and immunohistochemical finding, this tumor was given the final diagnosis of ST and type AB thymoma.
After 6 months of adjuvant chemotherapy and local radiotherapy, total thymectomy was performed.
The patient has been duly followed up for 1 year without any tumor recurrence.
ST is a very rare mediastinal neoplasm. Moreover, ST in combination with AB thymoma and affecting a large area, is unprecedented. Whether radiotherapy and chemotherapy have a certain effect on ST requires further investigation. In addition, due to the unclear recurrence rate of ST, long-term follow-up evaluation seems necessary.
此前文献中指出，胸腺瘤硬化型（ST）是一种相当罕见的疾病。迄今为止，报道的病例不足 20 例。然而，由 AB 型胸腺瘤和 ST 组成的复合型胸腺瘤此前尚未被描述过。
患者为 49 岁女性，主因咳嗽 10 天就诊。
增强 CT 扫描和超声均显示右侧胸腔内存在巨大肿块，不均匀强化，伴心包和胸膜侵犯。随后，CT 引导下经皮穿刺活检提示 B2 型胸腺瘤，不能排除 AB 型胸腺瘤。术后组织病理学和免疫组化检查最终诊断为 ST 和 AB 型胸腺瘤。
患者接受了 6 个月的辅助化疗和局部放疗，随后进行了全胸腺切除术。
患者随访 1 年，未见肿瘤复发。
ST 是一种非常罕见的纵隔肿瘤。此外，ST 合并 AB 型胸腺瘤且累及范围广泛，实属罕见。放疗和化疗对 ST 是否有效尚需进一步研究。另外，由于 ST 的复发率不明确，似乎需要进行长期随访评估。
