Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
The Chemours Company, Chemours Discovery Hub, 201 Discovery Blvd, Newark, DE 19713, USA.
J Hazard Mater. 2022 Feb 15;424(Pt D):127699. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127699. Epub 2021 Nov 6.
Anaerobic incubations were performed with biosolids obtained from an industrial wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) that contained perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances- (PFAS) free, laboratory-generated, biosolids that were spiked with PFOA. Biosolid slurries were incubated for 150 days as is, after augmenting with either Acidimicrobium sp. Strain A6 or ferrihydrite, or with both, Acidimicrobium sp. Strain A6 and ferrihydrite. Autoclaved controls were run in parallel. Only the biosolids augmented with both, Acidimicrobium sp. Strain A6 and ferrihydrite showed a decrease in the PFOA concentration, in excess of 50% (total, dissolved, and solid associated). Higher concentrations of PFOA in the biosolids spiked with PFOA and no previous PFAS exposure allowed to track the production of fluoride to verify PFOA defluorination. The buildup of fluoride over the incubation time was observed in these biosolid incubations spiked with PFOA. A significant increase in the concentration of perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) over the incubations of the filter cake samples from the industrial WWTP was observed, indicating the presence of a non-identified precursor in these biosolids. Results show that anaerobic incubation of PFAS contaminated biosolids, after augmentation with Fe(III) and Acidimicrobium sp. Strain A6 can result in PFAS defluorination.
采用来自含有全氟辛酸 (PFOA) 的工业废水处理厂 (WWTP) 的生物固体和经实验室生成的无全氟和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS)、但用 PFOA 进行过加标的生物固体进行了厌氧孵育。生物固体泥浆原样孵育 150 天，之后分别用 Acidimicrobium sp. Strain A6 或水铁矿或两者同时进行强化，并用酸微菌属 A6 菌株和水铁矿进行强化。同时进行了高压灭菌对照实验。只有同时用 Acidimicrobium sp. Strain A6 和水铁矿强化的生物固体显示出 PFOA 浓度降低，超过 50%（总浓度、溶解浓度和固体相关浓度）。用 PFOA 加标的生物固体中 PFOA 浓度较高，且之前没有接触过 PFAS，这使得可以追踪氟化物的生成，以验证 PFOA 的脱氟作用。在加标有 PFOA 的这些生物固体孵育中观察到孵育过程中氟化物的积累。在来自工业 WWTP 的滤饼样品的孵育中观察到全氟庚酸 (PFHpA) 的浓度显著增加，表明这些生物固体中存在未鉴定的前体物质。结果表明，用 Fe(III) 和 Acidimicrobium sp. Strain A6 强化后，对 PFAS 污染的生物固体进行厌氧孵育可导致 PFAS 脱氟。
