Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Division of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Neuroscience. 2022 Jan 15;481:178-196. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.11.022. Epub 2021 Nov 17.
Identifying printed words and pictures concurrently is ubiquitous in daily tasks, and so it is important to consider the extent to which reading words and naming pictures may share a cognitive-neurophysiological functional architecture. Two functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiments examined whether reading along the left ventral occipitotemporal region (vOT; often referred to as a visual word form area, VWFA) has activation that is overlapping with referent pictures (i.e., both conditions significant and shared, or with one significantly more dominant) or unique (i.e., one condition significant, the other not), and whether picture naming along the right lateral occipital complex (LOC) has overlapping or unique activation relative to referent words. Experiment 1 used familiar regular and exception words (to force lexical reading) and their corresponding pictures in separate naming blocks, and showed dominant activation for pictures in the LOC, and shared activation in the VWFA for exception words and their corresponding pictures (regular words did not elicit significant VWFA activation). Experiment 2 controlled for visual complexity by superimposing the words and pictures and instructing participants to either name the word or the picture, and showed primarily shared activation in the VWFA and LOC regions for both word reading and picture naming, with some dominant activation for pictures in the LOC. Overall, these results highlight the importance of including exception words to force lexical reading when comparing to picture naming, and the significant shared activation in VWFA and LOC serves to challenge specialized models of reading or picture naming.
同时识别印刷文字和图片在日常任务中无处不在，因此考虑阅读文字和命名图片是否可能共享认知神经生理功能架构是很重要的。两项功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 实验研究了阅读左腹侧枕颞区 (vOT; 通常称为视觉词形区，VWFA) 的激活是否与参照图片重叠（即两种条件都显著且共享，或一种条件显著且占主导地位）或独特（即一种条件显著，另一种不显著），以及图片命名沿右侧外侧枕叶复合体 (LOC) 相对于参照词是否具有重叠或独特的激活。实验 1 使用了熟悉的规则和异常词（强制词汇阅读）及其对应的图片在单独的命名块中，并显示 LOC 中图片的主导激活，以及异常词及其对应的图片在 VWFA 中的共享激活（规则词没有引起 VWFA 的显著激活）。实验 2 通过叠加单词和图片并指示参与者命名单词或图片来控制视觉复杂性，结果显示 VWFA 和 LOC 区域对于单词阅读和图片命名都主要具有共享激活，而 LOC 中的图片则具有一些主导激活。总体而言，这些结果强调了在与图片命名进行比较时，包括异常词以强制词汇阅读的重要性，而 VWFA 和 LOC 中的显著共享激活则对阅读或图片命名的专门模型提出了挑战。
